This paper examines the extent and causes of digital inequality in three countries of East Asia: Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. Using individual-level microdata collected in the three countries between 1997 and 2000, the study highlights differences in the socioeconomic and demographic patterns of technology adoption, usage, and skills across countries and over time. Despite the high overall diffusion rates of information communication technology (ICT) in all three countries, there remain clear divides in access and use among various demographic groups. Household income, education, and gender are the key determinants of digital inequality in all three countries, but there is sizable variation in their magnitudes. In general, inequality in ICT access, use, and skills reflects pre-existing inequality in other socioeconomic areas. Copyright (c) 2006 The Earth Institute at Columbia University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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Hiroshi Ono & Madeline Zavodny, 2002.
"Gender and the Internet,"
Working Paper
2002-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
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Hiroshi Ono & Madeline Zavodny, 2003.
"Gender and the Internet,"
Social Science Quarterly,
The Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 84(1), pages 111-121.
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