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New Business Formation by Industry over Space and Time: A Multidimensional Analysis

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  • Michael Fritsch
  • Oliver Falck

Abstract

Fritsch M. and Falck O. (2007) New business formation by industry over space and time: a multidimensional analysis, Regional Studies 41, 1-16. A multidimensional approach is applied to analyse simultaneously the effects of three groups of determinants on new business formation: industry, space, and changes over time. The data are for West Germany and covers the period from 1983 to 1997. Analysis indicates that the positive impact of small business employment found in many previous studies may be mainly explained by minimum efficient size in the respective industry. Moreover, innovation activities and the technological regime play an important role in new business formation processes. There are some differences with regard to the impact of a number of variables on start-ups in manufacturing and the service sector. While a high level of short-term unemployment has a positive impact on the number of start-ups in the service sector, no significant impact for long-term unemployment could be found. Fritsch M. et Falck O. (2007) La creation d'entreprise dans l'espace et sur le temps: une analyse multidimensionnelle, Regional Studies 41, 1-16. On se sert d'une facon multidimensionnelle afin d'analyser simultanement les effets de trois groupes de determinants de la creation d'entreprise: a savoir, l'industrie, l'espace et l'evolution sur le temps. Les donnees se rapportent a l'Allemagne de l'Ouest pour la periode de 1983 a 1997. L'analyse indique que l'effet emploi positif dans les petites entreprises, qui est a noter dans beaucoup des etudes anterieures, pourrait s'expliquer par la taille efficace minimale dans l'industrie en question. Qui plus est, les activites innovatrices et le credo technologique jouent un role non-negligeable dans la creation d'entreprise. Il existe des differences quant a l'impact de nombreuses variables sur la creation d'entreprise industrielle et dans le secteur tertiaire. Alors qu'un niveau de chomage eleve a court terme a un effet positif sur la creation d'entreprise dans le tertiaire, il ne s'avere aucun effet important quant au chomage de longue duree. Creation d'entreprise Economie industrielle Economie regionale Esprit d'entreprise Fritsch M. und Falck O. (2007) Betriebsgrundungen in Branchen, Regionen und uber die Zeit: Eine mehrdimensionale Analyse, Regional Studies 41, 1-16. Wir analysieren das Grundungsgeschehen mit einem mehrdimensionalen Ansatz, der simultan den Einfluss dreier Gruppen von Einflussfaktoren berucksichtigt: Branchenzugehorigkeit, Region und Anderungen uber die Zeit. Die Daten beziehen sich auf Westdeutschland und decken den Zeitraum 1983 bis 1997 ab. Unsere Untersuchung zeigt, dass der positive Einfluss von Beschaftigung im kleinbetrieblichen Sektor auf das Grundungsgeschehen, der in vielen fruheren Studien festgestellt wurde, vor allem auf die Bedeutung der mindestoptimalen Betriebsgrosse in der jeweiligen Branche zuruckgefuhrt werden kann. Daruber hinaus stellen wir fest, dass den regionalen Innovationsaktivitaten und dem Charakter des technologischen Regimes eine wichtige Rolle fur Grundungsaktivitaten zukommt. Es zeigen sich einige Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Einflusses von Variablen auf die Grundungen im Industrie- und Dienstleistungssektor. Wahrend ein hohes Niveau an Kurzzeit-Arbeitslosigkeit einen positiven Effekt auf die Anzahl der Grundungen im Dienstleistungssektor hat, kann fur die Langzeit-Arbeitslosigkeit kein signifikanter Einfluss festgestellt werden. Betriebsgrundungen Industrieokonomik Regionalokonomik Entrepreneurship Fritsch M. y Falck O. (2007) Formacion de nuevas empresas por la industria a traves del espacio y el tiempo: un analisis multidimensional, Regional Studies 41, 1-16. Adoptamos un enfoque multidimensional para analizar a la vez los efectos de tres grupos de determinantes sobre una nueva formacion comercial: industria, espacio y cambios temporales. Los datos proceden de Alemania del oeste y abarcan el periodo de 1983 a 1997. En nuestro analisis se observa que el impacto positivo del empleo en pequenas empresas, que se observa en muchos estudios anteriores, se podria explicar principalmente por el tamano minimo de eficacia en la industria correspondiente. Asimismo las actividades de innovacion y el regimen tecnologico desempenan un papel importante en los procesos de formacion de nuevas empresas. Existen diferencias con respecto al impacto de determinadas variables en empresas emergentes del sector de manufacturacion y servicios. Aunque a corto plazo un alto nivel de desempleo tiene un impacto positivo en el numero de empresas emergentes del sector de servicios, no se observo un impacto significativo del desempleo a largo plazo. Formacion de nuevas empresas Economia industrial Economia regional Interes empresarial

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Fritsch & Oliver Falck, 2007. "New Business Formation by Industry over Space and Time: A Multidimensional Analysis," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 157-172.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:41:y:2007:i:2:p:157-172
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400600928301
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    1. David B. Audretsch, 1995. "Innovation and Industry Evolution," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262011468, December.
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