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Spanish Regions and the Macroeconomic Benefits of the European Monetary Union

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  • Joan Costa-i-Font
  • Ramon Tremosa-i-Balcells

Abstract

C OSTA-I- F ONT J. and T REMOSA-I- B ALCELLS R. (2003) Spanish regions and the macroeconomic benefits of the European Monetary Union, Reg. Studies 37 , 217-226. This paper empirically examines the extent to which regions within the same country differ in their exposure to a common currency. We estimate an Optimum Currency Areas (OCA) index based on the main theoretical macroeconomic determinants. We use data from the Spanish regions for the period 1992- 98 and Germany is taken as a numeraire . Results allow us to forecast whether sharing the same currency is equally suitable for regions differing in the relevant OCA determinants despite being equally exposed to national specific shocks. The results suggest three main findings. First, relatively large, more diversified and open regions are best prepared to share the same currency. Second, real exchange rate differs significantly between Spanish regions although these differences remain smaller than those between countries. Third, whereas at the regional level the degree of synchronization with the European Union (EU) business cycle is strongly associated with the OCA index, differences in fiscal performance and the unemployment rate were poor predictors of monetary integration. C OSTA-I- F ONT J. et T REMOSA-I- B ALCELLS R. (2003) Les regions espagnoles et les avantages macroeconomiques de l'Union monetaire europeenne (l'UME), Reg. Studies 37 , 217-226. Cet article cherche a examiner de facon empirique dans quelle mesure les regions au sein du meme pays se distinguent quant a leur ouverture a une monnaie unique. On evalue une indice des zones monetaires optimales (Optimum Currency Areas; OCA) fondee sur les principaux de terminants macroeconomiques theoriques. On se sert des donnees provenant des regions espagnoles pour la periode de 1992 a 1998 et on considere l'Allemagne comme numeraire . Les resultats permettent de prevoir si, oui ou non, la monnaie unique convient de facon equitable aux regions dont les composants determinants de l'indice OCA different, en depit du fait qu'elles sont exposees equitablement aux chocs nationaux particuliers. On peut en tirer les trois conclusions suivantes. Primo, les re gions plus grandes, plus diversifiees et plus ouvertes sont plus pretes a partager une monnaie unique. Secundo, le taux de change reel varie sensiblement d'une region espagnole a une autre, bien que ces variations soient moins importantes au niveau interregional que sur le plan international. Tertio, tandis que du point de vue regional la synchronisation avec le cycle economique de l'Union europeenne (l'Ue) s'avere etroitement liee a l'indice OCA, la variation du comportement fiscal et du taux de chomage sont de mauvais indicateurs de l'integration monetaire. C OSTA-I- F ONT J. und T REMOSA-I- B ALCELLS R. (2003) Spanische Regionen und die makroo konomischen Vorteile der europaischen Wahrungsunion (EMU), Reg. Studies 37 , 217-226. Der vorliegende Aufsatz untersucht das unterschiedliche Ausmass, in dem Regionen eines Landes einer gemeinsamen Wahrung ausgesetzt sind. Die Autoren stellen einen optimalen Wahrungsgebietsindex (OCA Index) auf, der sich auf die wichtigsten theoretischen makrookonomischen ausschlaggebenden Faktoren stutzt. Dazu benutzen sie Daten der spanischen Regionen fur den Zeitraum 1992-1998, und Deutschland dient als Kontrollobjekt. Die Ergebnisse gestatten ihnen, vorauszusagen, ob die Benutzung derselben Wahrung fur Regionen gleich gut geeignet ist, die Unterschiede in den relevanten OCA Bestimmungsfaktoren aufweisen, obschon sie gleichermassen spezifischen uberregionalen Schocks ausgesetzt sind. Auf Grund der Ergebnisse bieten sich drei Hauptbefunde an: erstens sind verha ltnismassig grosse, starker diversifizierte und offene Regionen am besten darauf vorbereitet, die gleiche Wahrung gerneinsam zu benutzen. Zweitens schwankt die tatsachliche Wachstumsrate von einer spanischen Region zur anderen bedeutend, obwohl diese Unterschiede sich in engeren Grenzen bewegen als die zwischen Landern. Drittens erweisen sich Unterschiede in finanzpolitischer Leistung und der Erwerbslosenrate als schlecht zur Vorhersage der Wahrungsintegrierung geeignet, doch auf regionaler Ebene halt der Umfang der Synchronisierung mit dem Geschaftskreislauf der Europa ischen Union (EU) durchaus mit dem OCA Index Schritt.

Suggested Citation

  • Joan Costa-i-Font & Ramon Tremosa-i-Balcells, 2003. "Spanish Regions and the Macroeconomic Benefits of the European Monetary Union," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(3), pages 217-226.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:37:y:2003:i:3:p:217-226
    DOI: 10.1080/0034340032000065389
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jordi Pons-i-Novell & Ramon Tremosa-i-Balcells, 2005. "Macroeconomic effects of Catalan fiscal deficit with the Spanish state (2002-2010)," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 37(13), pages 1455-1463.
    2. Angeliki ANAGNOSTOU & Stephanos PAPADAMOU, 2014. "The Impact Of Monetary Shocks On Regional Output: Evidence From Four South Eurozone Countries," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 39, pages 105-130.
    3. Ramon Tremosa-i-Balcells & Joan Costa-i-Font, "undated". "The "relative competitiveness" patterns of Spanish regions after the European Monetary Union (1999-2002)," Studies on the Spanish Economy 169, FEDEA.

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