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Spatial Job Search and Job Competition Among Immigrant and Native Groups in Los Angeles

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  • Michael Stoll
  • Edwin Melendez
  • Abel Valenzuela

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of immigrant job searchers on the employment and wages of native and immigrant groups in Los Angeles. Using data from the 1994 Los Angeles Survey of Urban Inequality (LASUI), we use variation in the spatial job search patterns of immigrant groups to estimate the effect of immigrant job searchers on natives' labour market outcomes. First, the results indicate that the spatial job search patterns of native and immigrant groups are positively correlated, although the spatial job search patterns of immigrant groups are more strongly correlated than those between immigrant and native groups. Second, our results show a negative influence of immigrants on the employment of more skilled native whites and on the employment and wages of less-skilled native blacks in blue-collar occupations. We also find both positive and negative immigrant effects on the employment and wages of immigrant groups. Cet article cherche a examiner l'effet des demandeurs d'emploi immigres sur l'emploi et les salaires des groupes autochtones et immigres a Los Angeles. A partir des donnees provenant de la Los Angeles Survey of Urban Inequality (une enquete menee a Los Angeles en 1994 a propos des inegalites urbaines) on emploie des variations de l'organisation geographique de la recherche d'emploi des groupes immigres afin d'estimer l'effet des demandeurs d'emploi immigres sur les possibilites d'emplois des groupes autochtones. Dans un premier temps, les resultats laissent voir que l'organisation spatiale de la recherche d'emploi des groupes autochtones est en correlation etroite avec celle des groupes immigres, bien que l'organisation spatiale de la recherche d'emploi au sein des groupes immigres soit en correlation plus etroite que ne l'est celle entre groupes immigres et autochtones. Dans un deuxieme temps, les resultats laissent voir que les groupes immigres ont un effet negatif sur l'emploi des groupes autochtones de salaries blancs plus qualifies ainsi que sur l'emploi et les salaires des groupes autochtones d'ouvriers noirs moins qualifies. Il s'avere aussi des effets positifs et negatifs des immigres sur l'emploi et les salaires des groupes immigres. Dieser Aufsatz untersucht die Auswirkung, die stellensuchende Einwanderer auf Erwerbstatigkeit und Lohne von Eingeborenen- und Einwanderergruppen in Los Angeles haben. Unter Zuhilfenahme von Daten der Untersuchung von Ungleichheiten im stadtischen Raum von Los Angeles (Los Angeles Survey of Urban Inequality - LASUI) im Jahre 1994 werden Unterschiede in raumlich bestimmten Stellensuchmustern von Einwanderungsgruppen dazu benutzt, die Auswirkung der Stellen suchenden Einwanderer auf die Stellenmarktergebnisse der Eingeborenen zu berechnen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen erstens auf, dass die raumlichen Muster der Stellensuche bei Eingeborenen- und Einwandergruppen in positiver Beziehung zu einander stehen, obwohl die raumlichen Stellensuchmuster der Einwanderergruppe starker mit einander korrelieren als die zwischen Einwanderer-und Eingeborenengruppen. Zweitens zeigen die Ergebnisse einen negativen Einfluss der Einwanderer auf die Beschaftigung hoher qualifizierter weisser Eingeborener und auf die Beschaftigung und Entlohnung geringer qualifizierter schwarzer Eingeborener in Arbeiterstellungen auf. Es erwies sich, dass Einwanderung sowohl positive wie auch negative Wirkungen auf Erwerbstatigkeit und Entlohnung von Einwanderergruppen mit sich bringt.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Stoll & Edwin Melendez & Abel Valenzuela, 2002. "Spatial Job Search and Job Competition Among Immigrant and Native Groups in Los Angeles," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(2), pages 97-112.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:36:y:2002:i:2:p:97-112
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400220121891
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    Cited by:

    1. Gary Painter & Cathy Yang Liu & Duan Zhuang, 2007. "Immigrants and the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: Employment Outcomes among Immigrant Youth in Los Angeles," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(13), pages 2627-2649, December.
    2. Manuel Pastor & Enrico Marcelli, 2003. "Somewhere over the rainbow?: African Americans, unauthorized Mexican immigration, and coalition building," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 31(1), pages 125-155, September.
    3. Emília Malcata Rebelo, 2010. "Does Urban Concentration/Dispersion Affect Immigrants' Professional Opportunities? The case of the Porto Metropolitan Area," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(3), pages 586-610, September.

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