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Forecasting limit order book liquidity supply–demand curves with functional autoregressive dynamics

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  • Ying Chen
  • Wee Song Chua
  • Wolfgang Karl Härdle

Abstract

We develop a dynamic model to simultaneously characterize the liquidity demand and supply in a limit order book. The joint dynamics are modeled in a unified Vector Functional AutoRegressive (VFAR) framework. We derive a closed-form maximum likelihood estimator under sieves and establish asymptotic consistency of the proposed method under mild conditions. We find the VFAR model presents strong interpretability and accurate out-of-sample forecasts. In application to limit order book records of 12 stocks in the NASDAQ, traded from 2 January 2015 to 6 March 2015, the VFAR model yields $R^2 $R2 values as high as 98.5% for in-sample estimation and 98.2% in out-of-sample forecast experiments. It produces accurate 5-, 25- and 50-min forecasts, with RMSE as low as 0.09–0.58 and MAPE as low as 0.3–4.5%. The predictive power stably reduces trading cost in the order splitting strategies and achieves excess gains of 31 basis points on average.

Suggested Citation

  • Ying Chen & Wee Song Chua & Wolfgang Karl Härdle, 2019. "Forecasting limit order book liquidity supply–demand curves with functional autoregressive dynamics," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(9), pages 1473-1489, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:quantf:v:19:y:2019:i:9:p:1473-1489
    DOI: 10.1080/14697688.2019.1622290
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Prediction Models; Simulation Methods

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