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The impact of gender on SME characteristics and access to debt finance in South Africa

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  • David Kudzaishe Garwe
  • Olawale Fatoki

Abstract

This study aimed to determine whether South African small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are affected by gender differences in demand for debt and its availability. It also looked at whether there are gender differences in the firm and entrepreneurial characteristics of SMEs. The study was conducted by means of a survey using a self-administered questionnaire and statistical analyses that included descriptive statistics, a t-test and a logistic regression. Significant gender differences were found in SMEs' demand for debt finance but only insignificant differences in availability. The findings also revealed significant gender differences in some of the firm and entrepreneurial characteristics of SMEs. It appears that for SME owners in South Africa gender differences exist in the demand for debt finance but not in its availability. The policy recommendation is that commercial banks, government agencies and non-governmental organisations should aim to help and encourage female SME owners to apply for debt finance.

Suggested Citation

  • David Kudzaishe Garwe & Olawale Fatoki, 2012. "The impact of gender on SME characteristics and access to debt finance in South Africa," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(3), pages 448-461, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:deveza:v:29:y:2012:i:3:p:448-461
    DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2012.706040
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ferdinando Giglio, 2020. "Access to Credit and Women Entrepreneurs: A Systematic Literature Review," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 312-335.
    2. Alfonso Expósito & Amparo Sanchis-Llopis & Juan A. Sanchis-Llopis, 2023. "CEO gender and SMEs innovativeness: evidence for Spanish businesses," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 1017-1054, September.
    3. Kibeshi Kiyabo & Nsubili Isaga, 2019. "Strategic entrepreneurship, competitive advantage, and SMEs’ performance in the welding industry in Tanzania," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 9(1), pages 1-23, December.
    4. Rizwan Ullah Khan & Yashar Salamzadeh & Hiroko Kawamorita & Gabor Rethi, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises’ Performance; Does ‘Access to Finance’ Moderate the Relation in Emerging Economies?," Vision, , vol. 25(1), pages 88-102, March.
    5. Eresia-Eke Eresia-Eke, 2013. "Can Owner-Manager Characteristics Signal Small Business Loan Default Propensity?," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 5(11), pages 762-776.
    6. Ojong, Nathanael & Simba, Amon & Dana, Leo-Paul, 2021. "Female entrepreneurship in Africa: A review, trends, and future research directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 233-248.
    7. Obey Dzomonda & Olawale Fatoki & Olabanji Oni, 2017. "The Impact of Leadership Styles on the Entrepreneurial Orientation of Small and Medium Enterprises in South Africa," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 9(2), pages 104-113.
    8. Ashiqur Rahman & Jaroslav Belas & Tomas Kliestik & Ladislav Tyll, 2017. "Collateral requirements for SME loans: empirical evidence from the Visegrad countries," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(4), pages 650-675, July.
    9. Tehreem Fatima, Ahmad Raza Bilal, 2019. "Action Characteristics as a Bridge in Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation and SME Success Pathway," Journal of Management Sciences, Geist Science, Iqra University, Faculty of Business Administration, vol. 6(2), pages 1-17, October.
    10. Aleksandr Kljucnikov & Jaroslav Belas, 2016. "Approaches Of Czech Entrepreneurs To Debt Financing And Management Of Credit Risk," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 11(2), pages 343-365, June.
    11. Haitham Alhnaity & Ayed Almuala & Ali Kh Elmasri, 2018. "The Role of Government Intervention as a Moderating Variable in the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Networks and Business Owners’ Performance in Jordan," Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 5(1), pages 93-98.
    12. Geiger, Mark, 2020. "A meta-analysis of the gender gap(s) in venture funding: Funder- and entrepreneur-driven perspectives," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 13(C).
    13. Hung Pham, 2017. "Determinants of New Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Access to Bank Credit: Case Study in the Phu Tho Province, Vietnam," International Journal of Business and Management, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 12(7), pages 1-83, June.
    14. Muhammad Sualeh Khattak & Rizwan Ullah, 2021. "The role of entrepreneurial orientation in tangible and intangible resource acquisition and new venture growth," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(6), pages 1619-1637, September.
    15. Majida Jrad & Yamina Tadjeddine, 2020. "Collateral Requirements For Sme Loans: Empirical Evidence From Lebanon Country," Working Papers of BETA 2020-46, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    16. Alain Kikandi Kiuma & Abdelkrim Araar & Christian Kamala Kaghoma, 2020. "Internal migration and youth entrepreneurship in the Democratic Republic of the Congo," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 790-814, August.
    17. Alain Kikandi Kiuma & Christian Kamala Kaghoma & Joelle Mukenyi Kalala & Allegra Kabamba Mbuyi, 2015. "Mobilité interne et entrepreneuriat des jeunes en République démocratique du Congo," Working Papers PMMA 2015-07, PEP-PMMA.
    18. Kibeshi Kiyabo & Nsubili Isaga, 2020. "Entrepreneurial orientation, competitive advantage, and SMEs’ performance: application of firm growth and personal wealth measures," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.

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