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Learning hope and optimism: classmate experiences and adolescent development

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  • Jason M. Fletcher
  • Jinho Kim

Abstract

This article explores individual and contextual factors related to the development of hopeful attitudes during adolescence using a nationally representative study. A key focus is on the experiences of mistreatment by adults, both for the adolescent and his/her classmates. While all types of individual experiences with mistreatment reduce adolescent hopefulness, mistreatment domains most likely to be visible (i.e. physical abuse) by classmates also reduce adolescent hopefulness. This relationship is robust to the inclusion of more general environmental factors through school-level fixed effects, suggesting both a causal explanation and a typically unmeasured spillover effect of violence against children. Other types of mistreatment, such as neglect and material hardship, do not show spillover effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Jason M. Fletcher & Jinho Kim, 2019. "Learning hope and optimism: classmate experiences and adolescent development," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(5), pages 409-412, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:26:y:2019:i:5:p:409-412
    DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2018.1486009
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    1. Robert Bifulco & Jason M. Fletcher & Stephen L. Ross, 2011. "The Effect of Classmate Characteristics on Post-secondary Outcomes: Evidence from the Add Health," American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, American Economic Association, vol. 3(1), pages 25-53, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jason Fletcher, 2020. "Assessing the Importance of Childhood Context in the Development of Hope and Optimism," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(7), pages 2419-2427, October.
    2. Kim, Taehoon & Kim, Jinho, 2020. "Linking adolescent future expectations to health in adulthood: Evidence and mechanisms," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • D9 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics

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