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Prevalence, diagnosis, and management of diabetes mellitus among older Chinese: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Author

Listed:
  • Yaohui Zhao

    (Peking University)

  • Eileen M. Crimmins

    (University of Southern California)

  • Peifeng Hu

    (UCLA Division of Geriatric Medicine)

  • Yang Shen

    (UCLA Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension)

  • James P. Smith

    (RAND Corporation)

  • John Strauss

    (University of Southern California)

  • Yafeng Wang

    (Peking University)

  • Yuan Zhang

    (University of Southern California)

Abstract

Objectives To estimate prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), success in diagnosing, and methods of diabetes management in China. Methods China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a representative survey of the Chinese population at least 45 years old, is used to estimate diabetes and prediabetes prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment and their associations with residence, socioe-conomic, and demographic factors. Results Almost 60 % of middle-aged and elderly Chinese have prediabetes or diabetes in 2011–2012. DM prevalence increases with age, but the oldest group is least likely to be diagnosed. Prevalence is higher with higher body mass index, fasting cholesterol, and larger waist circumference. Higher prevalence is found in urban areas among residents with urban registration status (the Chinese administrative registration system or hukou), especially in coastal regions. Better rates of diagnosis, management, and education regarding diabetes are strongly associated with urban hukou, living in coastal areas, and in families with higher per capita expenditures, the appropriate economic resources measure in China. Conclusions Diagnosis and management of diabetes is highly differential within China but recent efforts to improve health systems are succeeding in reducing undiagnosed disease. Current high prevalence of prediabetes suggests a more intensive effort is required in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Yaohui Zhao & Eileen M. Crimmins & Peifeng Hu & Yang Shen & James P. Smith & John Strauss & Yafeng Wang & Yuan Zhang, 2016. "Prevalence, diagnosis, and management of diabetes mellitus among older Chinese: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 61(3), pages 347-356, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ijphth:v:61:y:2016:i:3:d:10.1007_s00038-015-0780-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0780-x
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    Cited by:

    1. Xin Wang & Kuimeng Song & Paiyi Zhu & Pim Valentijn & Yixiang Huang & Stephen Birch, 2019. "How Do Type 2 Diabetes Patients Value Urban Integrated Primary Care in China? Results of a Discrete Choice Experiment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Wei Zheng & Zining Liu & Ruo Jia, 2019. "How private sector participation improves retirement preparation: A case from China," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 44(1), pages 123-147, January.
    3. Lin, Zhuoer & Chen, Xi, 2022. "Long-term services and supports and disease management among older Chinese adults in different stages of cognitive impairment," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 23(C).
    4. Ding, Hui & Chen, Yiwei & Yu, Min & Zhong, Jieming & Hu, Ruying & Chen, Xiangyu & Wang, Chunmei & Xie, Kaixu & Eggleston, Karen, 2021. "The Effects of Chronic Disease Management in Primary Health Care: Evidence from Rural China," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    5. Yiwei Chen & Hui Ding & Min Yu & Jieming Zhong & Ruying Hu & Xiangyu Chen & Chunmei Wang & Kaixu Xie & Karen Eggleston, 2019. "The Effects of Primary Care Chronic-Disease Management in Rural China," NBER Working Papers 26100, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Yen‐Fan Chin & Tzu‐Ting Huang & Brend Ray‐Sea Hsu & Li‐Chueh Weng & Chih‐Ching Wang, 2019. "Factors associated with foot ulcer self‐management behaviours among hospitalised patients with diabetes," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(11-12), pages 2253-2264, June.
    7. Tianrong Ma & Tingting Liu & Dongmei Wu & Changwei Li, 2019. "Hand Grip Strength And Peak Expiratory Flow Among Individuals With Diabetes: Findings From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Baseline Survey," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 28(4), pages 502-520, May.
    8. Yuan S. Zhang & Eileen M. Crimmins, 2019. "Urban–rural differentials in age-related biological risk among middle-aged and older Chinese," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(6), pages 831-839, July.
    9. Lin, Zhuoer & Chen, Xi, 2021. "Adverse Childhood Circumstances and Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: Lower Level or Faster Decline?," IZA Discussion Papers 14161, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. Xiaoxue Liu & Chuanhua Yu & Yongbo Wang & Yongyi Bi & Yu Liu & Zhi-Jiang Zhang, 2019. "Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Diabetes in China from 1990 to 2017: A Joinpoint and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, January.

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