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Galicia Ante Reto De La Automatización Del Trabajo

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  • Juan Ramón GARCÍA

Abstract

A partir de las probabilidades de automatización de cada ocupación calculadas por Frey y Osborne (2017), se utilizan los microdatos de la muestra anual de la EPA entre 2011 y 2016 para determinar qué características personales y laborales condicionan el riesgo de que un trabajador en Galicia sea sustituido por una máquina. Los resultados de las estimaciones muestran que la probabilidad de automatización disminuye con el grado de responsabilidad, el nivel educativo, la disposición a participar en acciones formativas y la adopción de nuevas formas de trabajo, como el teletrabajo, y es comparativamente reducida para los ocupados en educación, sanidad, servicios sociales, TIC, energía y actividades artísticas o científico-técnicas. Las restantes características del trabajador y de la empresa juegan un papel secundario para explicar el riesgo de digitalización. Con el objetivo de atenuar las repercusiones negativas del progreso tecnológico sobre el empleo y lograr un crecimiento inclusivo, es imprescindible que los agentes económicos, tanto públicos como privados, gobiernen el cambio. Para lograrlo, es necesario actuar en dos ámbitos, estrechamente relacionados: la educación y el mercado de trabajo.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Ramón GARCÍA, 2018. "Galicia Ante Reto De La Automatización Del Trabajo," Revista Galega de Economía, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business., vol. 27(3), pages 17-28.
    • Handle: RePEc:sdo:regaec:v:27:y:2018:i:3_2
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    cambio tecnológico; automatización; educación; empleo; políticas públicas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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