IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/emffin/v9y2010i3p285-304.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Hedge Ratios in South African Stock Index Futures

Author

Listed:
  • Stavros Degiannakis

    (Stavros Degiannakis, Department of Economics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Portsmouth, Portland Street, PO1 3DE, United Kingdom.)

  • Christos Floros

    (Christos Floros (corresponding author), Department of Economics, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Business School, Portsmouth, Portland Street, PO1 3DE, United Kingdom. E-mail: Christos.Floros@port.ac.uk)

Abstract

This article examines hedging in South African stock index futures market. The hedge ratios are estimated by six econometric techniques: the standard OLS regression, simple and vector error correction models, the ECM with generalised autoregressive heteroskedasticity (GARCH), as well as time-varying CCC-ARCH and Diag-BEKK ARCH models. The empirical results show that the ECM-GARCH model (capturing volatility clustering) provides best hedging ratios, while CCC-ARCH is superior to OLS, ECM and VECM. We conclude that there is not a unique model specification for measuring hedge ratios. For each market (emerging and mature), a model’s comparative analysis must be conducted in order to extract the best performing model.

Suggested Citation

  • Stavros Degiannakis & Christos Floros, 2010. "Hedge Ratios in South African Stock Index Futures," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 9(3), pages 285-304, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:emffin:v:9:y:2010:i:3:p:285-304
    DOI: 10.1177/097265271000900302
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/097265271000900302
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/097265271000900302?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leland L. Johnson, 1960. "The Theory of Hedging and Speculation in Commodity Futures," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 27(3), pages 139-151.
    2. Engle, Robert F. & Kroner, Kenneth F., 1995. "Multivariate Simultaneous Generalized ARCH," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(1), pages 122-150, February.
    3. Hansen, Peter Reinhard, 2005. "A Test for Superior Predictive Ability," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 23, pages 365-380, October.
    4. Donald Lien & Yiu Kuen Tse, 1999. "Fractional cointegration and futures hedging," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 19(4), pages 457-474, June.
    5. Christos Floros & Dimitrios Vougas, 2004. "Hedge ratios in Greek stock index futures market," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(15), pages 1125-1136.
    6. Donald Lien & Mei Zhang, 2008. "A Survey of Emerging Derivatives Markets," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(2), pages 39-69, March.
    7. Da‐Hsiang Donald Lien, 1996. "The effect of the cointegration relationship on futures hedging: A note," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(7), pages 773-780, October.
    8. Asim Ghosh & Ronnie Clayton, 1996. "Hedging With International Stock Index Futures: An Intertemporal Error Correction Model," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 19(4), pages 477-491, December.
    9. Darren Butterworth & Phil Holmes, 2000. "Mispricing in stock index futures contracts: evidence for the FTSE 100 and FTSE mid 250 contracts," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(12), pages 795-801.
    10. Anderson, Ronald W & Danthine, Jean-Pierre, 1980. "Hedging and Joint Production: Theory and Illustrations," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 35(2), pages 487-498, May.
    11. Kroner, Kenneth F. & Sultan, Jahangir, 1993. "Time-Varying Distributions and Dynamic Hedging with Foreign Currency Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 535-551, December.
    12. Søren Johansen, 2005. "Interpretation of Cointegrating Coefficients in the Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Model," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 67(1), pages 93-104, February.
    13. Ah-Boon Sim & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2001. "Optimal hedge ratios and alternative hedging strategies in the presence of cointegrated time-varying risks," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(3), pages 269-283.
    14. Ederington, Louis H, 1979. "The Hedging Performance of the New Futures Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 34(1), pages 157-170, March.
    15. Donald Lien & Keshab Shrestha, 2010. "Estimating optimal hedge ratio: a multivariate skew-normal distribution approach," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(8), pages 627-636.
    16. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    17. Ghosh, Asim & Clayton, Ronnie, 1996. "Hedging with International Stock Index Futures: An Intertemporal Error Correction Model," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 19(4), pages 477-491, Winter.
    18. Asim Ghosh, 1993. "Hedging with stock index futures: Estimation and forecasting with error correction model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 13(7), pages 743-752, October.
    19. Newey, Whitney & West, Kenneth, 2014. "A simple, positive semi-definite, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 33(1), pages 125-132.
    20. Rutledge, David J.S., 1972. "Hedgers' Demand for Futures Contracts: A Theoretical Framework with Applications to the United States Soybean Complex," Food Research Institute Studies, Stanford University, Food Research Institute, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20.
    21. Chih‐Chiang Hsu & Chih‐Ping Tseng & Yaw‐Huei Wang, 2008. "Dynamic hedging with futures: A copula‐based GARCH model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(11), pages 1095-1116, November.
    22. Bollerslev, Tim, 1990. "Modelling the Coherence in Short-run Nominal Exchange Rates: A Multivariate Generalized ARCH Model," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 72(3), pages 498-505, August.
    23. Johansen, Soren, 1988. "Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 12(2-3), pages 231-254.
    24. Darren Butterworth & Phil Holmes, 2000. "Ex Ante Hedging Effectiveness of UK Stock Index Futures Contracts: Evidence for the FTSE 100 and FTSE Mid 250 Contracts," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 6(4), pages 441-457, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mohd Aminul Islam, 2017. "An Empirical Evaluation of Hedging Effectiveness of Crude Palm Oil Futures Market in Malaysia," International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 3(11), pages 303-314, 11-2017.
    2. Stavros Degiannakis & Christos Floros & Enrique Salvador & Dimitrios Vougas, 2022. "On the stationarity of futures hedge ratios," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 2281-2303, July.
    3. Lumengo Bonga-Bonga & Ekerete Umoetok, 2016. "The effectiveness of index futures hedging in emerging markets during the crisis period of 2008-2010: Evidence from South Africa," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(42), pages 3999-4018, September.
    4. ÇELİK, İsmail, 2021. "Optimal Hedge Ratio In Turkish Stock Index Futures Market: A Deco-Fiaparch Approach," Studii Financiare (Financial Studies), Centre of Financial and Monetary Research "Victor Slavescu", vol. 25(4), pages 17-33, December.
    5. Katsiampa, Paraskevi & Corbet, Shaen & Lucey, Brian, 2019. "High frequency volatility co-movements in cryptocurrency markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 35-52.
    6. Konstantinos Gkillas & Dimitrios Vortelinos & Christos Floros & Athanasios Tsagkanos, 2019. "Economic News Releases and Financial Markets in South Africa," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-13, November.
    7. Degiannakis, Stavros & Filis, George & Hassani, Hossein, 2018. "Forecasting global stock market implied volatility indices," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 111-129.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Qu, Hui & Wang, Tianyang & Zhang, Yi & Sun, Pengfei, 2019. "Dynamic hedging using the realized minimum-variance hedge ratio approach – Examination of the CSI 300 index futures," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    2. Alizadeh, Amir H. & Huang, Chih-Yueh & van Dellen, Stefan, 2015. "A regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 44-59.
    3. Yudong Wang & Chongfeng Wu & Li Yang, 2015. "Hedging with Futures: Does Anything Beat the Naïve Hedging Strategy?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(12), pages 2870-2889, December.
    4. Pablo Urtubia & Alfonso Novales & Andrés Mora-Valencia, 2021. "Cross-Hedging Portfolios in Emerging Stock Markets: Evidence for the LATIBEX Index," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(21), pages 1-19, October.
    5. Martínez, Beatriz & Torró, Hipòlit, 2015. "European natural gas seasonal effects on futures hedging," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 154-168.
    6. Jahangir Sultan & Mohammad Hasan, 2008. "The effectiveness of dynamic hedging: evidence from selected European stock index futures," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(6), pages 469-488.
    7. Corbet, Shaen & Hou, Yang (Greg) & Hu, Yang & Oxley, Les, 2022. "The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hedging functionality of Chinese financial markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    8. An-Sing Chen & Yan-Zhen Liu, 2008. "Enhancing hedging performance with the spanning polynomial projection," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(6), pages 605-617.
    9. Cao, Min & Conlon, Thomas, 2023. "Composite jet fuel cross-hedging," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    10. Ah-Boon Sim & Ralf Zurbruegg, 2001. "Optimal hedge ratios and alternative hedging strategies in the presence of cointegrated time-varying risks," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(3), pages 269-283.
    11. Manolis Kavussanos & Ilias Visvikis, 2008. "Hedging effectiveness of the Athens stock index futures contracts," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(3), pages 243-270.
    12. Qianjie Geng & Yudong Wang, 2021. "Futures Hedging in CSI 300 Markets: A Comparison Between Minimum-Variance and Maximum-Utility Frameworks," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 57(2), pages 719-742, February.
    13. Michael S. Haigh & Matthew T. Holt, 2002. "Crack spread hedging: accounting for time-varying volatility spillovers in the energy futures markets," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(3), pages 269-289.
    14. Panos K. Pouliasis & Ilias D. Visvikis & Nikos C. Papapostolou & Alexander A. Kryukov, 2020. "A novel risk management framework for natural gas markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(3), pages 430-459, March.
    15. Olson, Eric & Vivian, Andrew & Wohar, Mark E., 2017. "Do commodities make effective hedges for equity investors?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1274-1288.
    16. Chang, Chia-Lin & McAleer, Michael & Tansuchat, Roengchai, 2011. "Crude oil hedging strategies using dynamic multivariate GARCH," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 912-923, September.
    17. Aragó, Vicent & Salvador, Enrique, 2011. "Sudden changes in variance and time varying hedge ratios," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 215(2), pages 393-403, December.
    18. Sharma, Udayan & Karmakar, Madhusudan, 2023. "Measuring minimum variance hedging effectiveness: Traditional vs. sophisticated models," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    19. Caporin, Massimiliano, 2013. "Equity and CDS sector indices: Dynamic models and risk hedging," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 261-275.
    20. Darren Butterworth & Phil Holmes, 2005. "The Hedging Effectiveness of U.K. Stock Index Futures Contracts Using an Extended Mean Gini Approach: Evidence for the FTSE 100 and FTSE Mid250 Contracts," Multinational Finance Journal, Multinational Finance Journal, vol. 9(3-4), pages 131-160, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    JEL Classification: G13; JEL Classification: G15; Hedging; hedge ratio; futures; SAFEX; OLS; ECM; VECM; GARCH;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:emffin:v:9:y:2010:i:3:p:285-304. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.ifmr.ac.in .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.