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Mean-Semivariance Behaviour: An Alternative Behavioural Model

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  • Javier Estrada

    (IESE Business School, Av. Pearson 21, Barcelona, jestrada@iese.edu)

Abstract

The most widely used measure of an asset’s risk, beta, stems from an equilibrium in which investors display mean-variance behaviour. This behavioural criterion assumes that portfolio risk is measured by the variance (or standard deviation) of returns, which is a questionable measure of risk. The semivariance of returns is a more plausible measure of risk (as Markowitz himself admits) and is backed by theoretical, empirical and practical considerations. It can also be used to implement an alternative behavioural criterion, mean-semivariance behaviour, that is almost perfectly correlated to both expected utility and the utility of mean compound return. Although the analytical framework and results are general, they are particularly relevant for emerging markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Estrada, 2004. "Mean-Semivariance Behaviour: An Alternative Behavioural Model," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 3(3), pages 231-248, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:emffin:v:3:y:2004:i:3:p:231-248
    DOI: 10.1177/097265270400300301
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Davidson, Russell & MacKinnon, James G, 1981. "Several Tests for Model Specification in the Presence of Alternative Hypotheses," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(3), pages 781-793, May.
    2. Chen, Joseph & Hong, Harrison & Stein, Jeremy C., 2001. "Forecasting crashes: trading volume, past returns, and conditional skewness in stock prices," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 61(3), pages 345-381, September.
    3. Pulley, Lawrence B., 1981. "A General Mean-Variance Approximation to Expected Utility for Short Holding Periods," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 16(3), pages 361-373, September.
    4. Javier Estrada, 2004. "The cost of equity of internet stocks: a downside risk approach," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(4), pages 239-254.
    5. Hakansson, Nils H, 1971. "Multi-Period Mean-Variance Analysis: Toward A General Theory of Portfolio Choice," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 26(4), pages 857-884, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ricardo Pereira, 2007. "The Cost Of Equity Of Portuguese Public Firms: A Downside Risk Approach," Portuguese Journal of Management Studies, ISEG, Universidade de Lisboa, vol. 0(1), pages 7-25.
    2. Ruili Sun & Tiefeng Ma & Shuangzhe Liu & Milind Sathye, 2019. "Improved Covariance Matrix Estimation for Portfolio Risk Measurement: A Review," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-34, March.
    3. Estrada, Javier, 2007. "Mean-semivariance behavior: Downside risk and capital asset pricing," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 169-185.
    4. Hanene Ben Salah & Mohamed Chaouch & Ali Gannoun & Christian Peretti & Abdelwahed Trabelsi, 2018. "Mean and median-based nonparametric estimation of returns in mean-downside risk portfolio frontier," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 262(2), pages 653-681, March.
    5. Hanene Ben Salah & Ali Gannoun & Christian De Peretti & Mathieu Ribatet & Abdelwahed Trabelsi, 2016. "A New Approach in Nonparametric Estimation of Returns in Mean-DownSide Risk Portfolio frontier," Working Papers hal-01299561, HAL.
    6. Hanene Ben Salah & Mohamed Chaouch & Ali Gannoun & Christian Peretti & Abdelwahed Trabelsi, 2018. "Mean and median-based nonparametric estimation of returns in mean-downside risk portfolio frontier," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 262(2), pages 653-681, March.
    7. Hanene Ben Salah & Ali Gannoun & Mathieu Ribatet, 2016. "Conditional Mean-Variance and Mean-Semivariance models in portfolio optimization," Working Papers hal-01404752, HAL.
    8. Beach, Steven L., 2011. "Semivariance decomposition of country-level returns," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 607-623, October.
    9. Philip A. Horvath & Amit K. Sinha, 2017. "Asymmetric reaction is rational behavior," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 41(1), pages 160-179, January.
    10. Christian de Peretti, 2015. "A New Approach in Nonparametric Estimation of Returns in Mean-Downside Risk Portfolio frontier," Post-Print hal-02095499, HAL.
    11. Hanen Ben Salah & Jan G. Gooijer & Ali Gannoun & Mathieu Ribatet, 2018. "Mean–variance and mean–semivariance portfolio selection: a multivariate nonparametric approach," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 32(4), pages 419-436, November.
    12. Javier Estrada, 2009. "The Gain‐Loss Spread: A New and Intuitive Measure of Risk," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 21(4), pages 104-114, September.

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