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The "Ratchet Principle" and Performance Incentives

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Martin L. Weitzman

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Abstract

The use of current performance as a partial basis for setting future targets is an almost universal feature of economic planning. This "ratchet principle," as it is sometimes called, creates a dynamic incentive problem for the enterprise. Higher rewards from better current performance must be weighed against the future assignment of more ambitious targets. In this paper I formulate the problem of the enterprise as a multiperiod stochastic optimization model incorporating an explicit feedback mechanism for target setting. I show that an optimal solution is easily characterized, and that the incentive effects of the ratchet principle can be fully analyzed in simple economic terms.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by The RAND Corporation in its journal Bell Journal of Economics.

Volume (Year): 11 (1980)
Issue (Month): 1 (Spring)
Pages: 302-308
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Handle: RePEc:rje:bellje:v:11:y:1980:i:spring:p:302-308

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  1. Edward P. Lazear, 1986. "Incentive Contracts," NBER Working Papers 1917, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Paul L Joskow, 2005. "Incentive Regulation In Theory And Practice - Electricity Distribution And Transmission Networks," Working Papers 0514, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Craig Brett & John A. Weymark, 2005. "Optimal Nonlinear Taxation of Income and Savings in a Two Class Economy," Working Papers 0525, Department of Economics, Vanderbilt University. [Downloadable!]
  4. Olivier Cadot & Bernard Sinclair-Desgagné, 1995. "Innovation Under the Threat of Stricter Environmental Standards," CIRANO Working Papers 95s-11, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
  5. Janos Kornai & Eric Maskin & Gerard Roland, 2002. "Understanding the Soft Budget Constraint," Economics Working Papers 0019, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Social Science. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Sun, Ching-jen, 2007. "Dynamic Price Discrimination and Quality Provision Based on Purchase History," MPRA Paper 9855, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Aug 2008. [Downloadable!]
  7. Alessandro Rossi, 2001. "The Effective Design of Managerial Incentive Systems: Combining Theoretical Principlesand Practical Trade-offs," ROCK Working Papers 015, Department of Computer and Management Sciences, University of Trento, Italy, revised 12 Jun 2008. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Hyumg Bae, 1993. "The Ratchet Effect And Uninducibility Under Ex Ante Symmetric Information," International Economic Journal, Korean International Economic Association, vol. 7(2), pages 51-59, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Bengt Holmstrom, 1979. "Design of Incentive Schemes and the New Soviet Incentive Model," Discussion Papers 456, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science. [Downloadable!]
  10. Hehui Jin & Yingyi Qian & Barry Weingast, 1999. "Regional Decentralization and Fiscal Incentives: Federalism, Chinese Style," Working Papers 99013, Stanford University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  11. repec:bep:maccon:v:4:y:2004:i:1:p:1141-1141 is not listed on IDEAS
  12. Rowena Jacobs & Diane Dawson, 2003. "Hospital efficiency targets," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(8), pages 669-684. [Downloadable!]
  13. Scott Gehlbach, 2003. "Taxability and Government Support of Business Activity: Testing Theories of Social-Contract Failure," Working Papers w0028, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR). [Downloadable!]
  14. Winnie Yip & Karen Eggleston, 2001. "Provider payment reform in China: the case of hospital reimbursement in Hainan province," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(4), pages 325-339. [Downloadable!]
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