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El flujo de materiales y el desarrollo económico en España: un análisis sobre desmaterialización (1980-2004)

Author

Listed:
  • Ana Citlalic González Martínez

    (ENT Environment and Management)

  • Sílvia Cañellas Boltà

    (Consell Assesor per al Desenvolupament Sostenible, Generalitat de Catalunya)

  • Ignasi Puig Ventosa

    (ENT Environment and Management)

  • Daniela Russi

    (Amphos 21)

  • Cristina Sendra Sala

    (Eco Intelligent Growth)

  • Amalia Sojo Benítez

    (LCA México)

Abstract

El análisis de los flujos de materiales que circulan a través de un sistema económico es una forma de medir la dimensión física del consumo y la apropiación de recursos por parte de una sociedad y, en consecuencia, es una manera indirecta de medir su impacto ambiental. De esta manera, los indicadores de flujos de materiales pueden ser considerados como indicadores indirectos de sostenibilidad, y por tanto, pueden ser de utilidad para comprobar la hipótesis de la desmaterialización; es decir, la idea de que el progreso tecnológico conlleva una disminución del total de materiales usados (desmaterialización fuerte) o de los materiales usados por unidad de producción (desmaterialización débil). Este artículo presenta la contabilidad de flujos de materiales para España entre 1980 y 2004. Asimismo, analiza la hipótesis de la curva de Kuznets ambiental usando el consumo de materiales como indicador de impacto ambiental. El análisis revela que durante el periodo analizado no tuvo lugar ningún proceso de desmaterialización, ni fuerte ni débil. Aunque la población no se incrementó considerablemente, los materiales movilizados por la economía española (las entradas directas de materiales, EDM) se duplicaron, creciendo a tasas anuales por encima del PIB. Además, se constata que en términos físicos España pasó a ser más dependiente del comercio exterior. De hecho, las importaciones netas medidas en toneladas se duplicaron durante el periodo.

Suggested Citation

  • Ana Citlalic González Martínez & Sílvia Cañellas Boltà & Ignasi Puig Ventosa & Daniela Russi & Cristina Sendra Sala & Amalia Sojo Benítez, 2010. "El flujo de materiales y el desarrollo económico en España: un análisis sobre desmaterialización (1980-2004)," Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Red Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, vol. 14, pages 33-51, Abril.
    • Handle: RePEc:rib:revibe:rev14_03
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Stefan Giljum, 2004. "Trade, Materials Flows, and Economic Development in the South: The Example of Chile," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 8(1‐2), pages 241-261, January.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    España; desmaterialización; sostenibilidad; curva de Kuznets ambiental; análisis de flujos de materiales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q01 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - General - - - Sustainable Development
    • Q32 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development
    • Q34 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Natural Resources and Domestic and International Conflicts
    • Q39 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Other
    • Q49 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Other

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