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Origen y evolución de la manufactura en áreas no metropolitanas. El caso de Bahía Blanca en Argentina

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  • Valentina Viego

Abstract

RESUMEN Bahía Blanca ha sido caracterizada en varios trabajos sobre geografía económica argentina como la principal ciudad del sur del país, en términos poblacionales y económicos. En particular, se ha destacado la preeminencia de su aparato industrial (históricamente orientado a la exportación) y el rol del tejido productivo como centro de abastecimiento de la mayoría de las localidades patagónicas. Esta función fue difundida en el lema Bahía Blanca, puerta y puerto del sur argentino, que pretendía unificar las visiones acerca del rol de la ciudad en la jerarquía de espacios urbanos a nivel nacional. En alguna medida, esto ha propulsado la idea especialmente entre la burguesía y funcionarios locales- de haber transitado ya cierto sendero de desarrollo que evitaría retrocesos futuros. El presente trabajo ofrece una revisión de los factores que contribuyeron, a principios del siglo pasado, al surgimiento de firmas manufactureras en la localidad de Bahía Blanca y de los elementos que explican su posterior evolución. Se trata de evaluar las perspectivas de crecimiento industrial local a partir de estos elementos. Como se verá a lo largo de la exposición, el discurso dominante entre la elite política local acerca del rol que Bahía Blanca desempeña para el hinterland ha sido un rasgo más coyuntural que permanente. ABSTRACT Bahía Blanca has been posed as the main Southern city of the country (both in population and economic terms) by various works in the field of economic geography. In particular, it has been emphasized its leading manufacturing sector (historically oriented to exports) and its role as center of supply for most Patagonian towns. This economic function has been spread by the slogan Bahía Blanca, port and door of Argentinian South, targeted to unify heterogeneous visions about the city role in the hierarchy of urban spaces at national scale. In some way, these elements have driven the hypothesis especially between local bourgeoisie and politicians- that local economic development process has surpassed a critical threshold, avoiding thus future drawbacks. This presentation offers a review of main factors that contributed, a hundred years ago, to the emergence of manufacturing firms in Bahía Blanca and of the elements that explain its ongoing evolution. Perspectives on local industrial growth derived from this analysis will be compared with former vision. During the exposition, it will be reveled that the initial role attributed by local bourgeoisie to Bahía Blanca has been more a transitory than a permanent feature.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentina Viego, 2007. "Origen y evolución de la manufactura en áreas no metropolitanas. El caso de Bahía Blanca en Argentina," Revista de Estudios Regionales, Universidades Públicas de Andalucía, vol. 2, pages 157-180.
  • Handle: RePEc:rer:articu:v:02:y:2007:p:157-180
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    JEL classification:

    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics

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