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De-leveraging or de-risking? How banks cope with loss

Author

Listed:
  • Rhys Bidder

    (University of Cambridge)

  • John Krainer

    (Federal Reserve Board)

  • Adam Shapiro

    (Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco)

Abstract

We use variation in banks' loan exposure to industries adversely affected by the oil price declines of 2014 to explore how they respond to a net worth shock. Using granular data obtained under the Fed's stress testing programs we show that exposed banks tightened credit on corporate lending and on mortgages that they would ultimately hold on their balance sheet. However, they expanded credit for mortgages to be securitized, particularly those that are government-backed. Thus, banks re-balance their portfolio so as to lower their average risk weight, rather than scaling back the size of their balance sheet, as looking at on-balance-sheet corporate or residential lending alone would suggest. These results show the importance of taking a cross-balance sheet perspective when examining bank behavior. In addition, in terms of the ultimate ‘credit channel’ to firms and households, we show precisely how borrowers substitute to alternative financing when banks they initially borrow from tighten credit. In showing that there was ultimately a minimal impact on borrowers' overall funding, we provide a benchmark for crisis-period studies, which typically find a powerful credit channel effect. (Copyright: Elsevier)

Suggested Citation

  • Rhys Bidder & John Krainer & Adam Shapiro, 2021. "De-leveraging or de-risking? How banks cope with loss," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 39, pages 100-127, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:red:issued:19-100
    DOI: 10.1016/j.red.2020.06.014
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    3. Mr. Divya Kirti, 2017. "When Gambling for Resurrection is Too Risky," IMF Working Papers 2017/180, International Monetary Fund.
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    6. Boufateh, Talel & Saadaoui, Zied, 2021. "The time-varying responses of financial intermediation and inflation to oil supply and demand shocks in the US: Evidence from Bayesian TVP-SVAR-SV approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    7. Teng Wang, 2020. "Branching Networks and Geographic Contagion of Commodity Price Shocks," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2020-034, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    8. Bats, Joost V. & Houben, Aerdt C.F.J., 2020. "Bank-based versus market-based financing: Implications for systemic risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    9. Niepmann, Friederike & Schmidt-Eisenlohr, Tim, 2018. "Global Investors, the Dollar, and U.S. Credit Conditions," CEPR Discussion Papers 13237, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bank lending channel; Credit channel; Banking;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

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