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Les enjeux de l'Europe

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  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi
  • Pierre-Alain Muet

Abstract

[eng] The Stakes of European Integration . By eliminating exchange rate uncertainty and achieving a unified European market, the single currency is an important step in the transition from the nation states of the nineteenth century to continental states. But along the steep path which leads to the common currency, the constraints become more acute and reduce the already narrow margins for national policies. The turbulent events which recently disturbed the EMS suggest that Europe is ahead in rhetoric but behind in action: words — concerted policies, economic and monetary union, coordination, solidarity — and facts — financing the reunification, determining interest rates — are diverging. To avoid the problem that one country's growth is achieved to the detriment of another's, a nominal anchor should be found: first, the EMS should be reconstructed, and then the exchange rate between the major currencies — the ECU, the dollar and the yen — should be controlled, so that a logic of growth may substitute for a logic of market shares. [fre] En éliminant l'incertitude de change et en achevant l'unification du marché européen, la monnaie unique est une étape importante dans un processus qui conduit inévitablement les modes de régulation économique à passer des états nation du dix-neuvième siècle aux états continents. Mais sur le chemin escarpé qui conduit à la monnaie unique, les contraintes deviennent plus précises et limitent d'autant les marges de manœuvre déjà faibles des politiques nationales. Les graves événements qui ont récemment perturbé le SME montrent que l'Europe est en avance d'un discours et en retard d'une action : les mots — acte unique, Union économique et monétaire, coordination, solidarité — et leschoses — financement de la réunification, détermination des taux d'intérêt — se sont mis à diverger. Pour éviter que la croissance des uns se fasse au dépens de celle des autres, il faut retrouver un ancrage nominal : d'abord reconstituer le SME, puis maîtriser les taux de change entre les grandes monnaies, ECU, dollar et yen pour qu'une logique de croissance se substitue à une logique de part de marché.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Pierre-Alain Muet, 1993. "Les enjeux de l'Europe," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(1), pages 7-20.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1993_num_43_1_1297
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1993.1297
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1993.1297
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