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L'ouverture du marché monétaire. Vers une politique libérale des taux d'intérêt ?

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  • Sylviane Guillaumont Jeanneney

Abstract

[fre] Depuis le 18 décembre 1985 les entreprises peuvent émettre des titres à court terme négociables ; d'autre part depuis le début de 1986 tous les agents économiques peuvent acquérir des bons du Trésor en comptes courants, réservés jusqu'à présent aux institutions financières.. Ces innovations financières ont deux objectifs liés : améliorer le fonctionnement du marché des capitaux en diversifiant la panoplie des actifs financiers, « ouvrir le marché monétaire » aux entreprises et aux particuliers et permettre ainsi à la Banque de France de mener efficacement une politique d'open market axée sur les taux d'intérêt.. Pour que la politique d'open market puisse se substituer au contrôle quantitatif du crédit, comme cela est prévu pour 1987, une série de décisions complémentaires sont indispensables, relatives notamment à la libération des conditions créditrices des banques, à la mobilisation des bons du Trésor et à l'abandon de la politique sélective du crédit.. A long terme, pour que l'action par les taux d'intérêt demeure l'instrument permanent de la politique monétaire française quelle que soit la conjoncture, il serait en outre nécessaire d'autoriser l'indexation de la valeur des créances à plus d'un an sur le niveau général des prix et de renforcer l'autonomie du gouverneur de la Banque de France vis-à-vis du pouvoir politique. [eng] Since December the 18th firms can issue commercial papers ; moreover, starting in 1986, ail économie agents can buy Treasury bills registered in a current account in the Central Bank, which bills used to be exclusively at the disposai of financial institutions.. Thèse financial innovations hâve two related objectives : first to improve the loan market by the diversification of financial assets, second to open the money market to firms and individuals and so to allow the Bank of France to run effectively an open market policy centered on interest rates.. It will be possible to substitute the open market policy to the quantitative crédit control, as is planned for 1987, only if complementary décisions are taken : mainly the possibility for banks to fix freely deposits interest rates, the reform of Treasury bills mobilization and the suppression of selective credit policy In the long run if the open market policy is to remain the permanent instrument of french monetary policy whatever the economic trends may be it still would be necessary to authorize indexation of more than one year financial claims on the general price index and to strengthen the autonomy of the Bank of France governor vis-a-vis the political power

Suggested Citation

  • Sylviane Guillaumont Jeanneney, 1986. "L'ouverture du marché monétaire. Vers une politique libérale des taux d'intérêt ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 14(1), pages 87-106.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1986_num_14_1_1047
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1986.1047
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1986.1047
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