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Coûts de transport et inégalités régionales. Une approche structurelle

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  • Miren Lafourcade
  • Pierre-Philippe Combes

Abstract

[eng] Transport costs and regional inequalities: a structural approach. . This paper presents an economic geography model we use to investigate transport costs as a cause of regional inequalities. We perform a structural estimation of this model for 64 sectors simultaneously using a new dataset on generalized transport costs between the 341 French Employment Areas. Transport costs, intermediate inputs and geography play a critical role in the concentration pattern of economic activities. We provide simulations of local production conditions. Large concentration incentives exist in France, possibly inducing the emergence in the long-run of a monocentric core-periphery structure. Besides, in the short-run, a transport costs decline reduces concentration at the country level, but it increases inequalities in a large number of French regions. [fre] Coûts de transport et inégalités régionales. Une approche structurelle. . Cet article présente un modèle d'économie géographique permettant d'effectuer une estimation structurelle du lien unissant répartition spatiale des activités et coûts de transaction. Nous effectuons cette estimation au niveau des 341 zones d'emploi françaises, pour 64 secteurs simultanément, en utilisant de nouvelles don­nées de coût généralisé de transport. Nous montrons que ces coûts, les liens intersectoriels et la géographie jouent un rôle déterminant dans la distribution des activités. Diverses simulations montrent que les forces d'agglomération sont pré­dominantes en France. Les créations et relocalisations d'établissements conduiraient, dans le long terme, à l'émergence d'une structure monocentre-périphérie très marquée. En revanche, à localisation des établissements donnée, la baisse des coûts de transport réduit la concentration à l'échelle de la nation, mais l'accroît au sein d'un grand nombre de régions.

Suggested Citation

  • Miren Lafourcade & Pierre-Philippe Combes, 2002. "Coûts de transport et inégalités régionales. Une approche structurelle," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 53(3), pages 505-516.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_2002_num_53_3_410421
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.2002.410421
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.2002.410421
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    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location
    • R4 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics

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