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Succès et incertitudes de la transition vietnamienne

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  • Michel Herland

Abstract

[eng] Achievements and failures of the vietnamese transition. . The Vietnamese transition began in 1986 when the program of economic and social "renovation" (Doi moi) was adopted. After more than ten years, one may evaluate the progress accomplished toward a market economy, the model of which is given by the neighbouring NICs. In the first part of the paper, the successes of the transition process are assessed: monetary stabilisation without deflation, quasi-equilibrium of the public budget, adjustment to the end of the CMEA, food self-sufficiency. The second part examins the less favourable points, such as a growing trade deficit, the diminution of FDIs, the gap between towns and country, a fast population growth and the deterioration of public services. [fre] Succès et incertitudes de la transition vietnamienne. . Le début de la transition vietnamienne date de 1986, l'année où fut lancé le programme de rénovation (Doi moi,) économique et sociale. Après plus de dix ans, il est possible de porter un premier jugement sur les progrès accomplis, à partir d'une économie planifiée calquée sur le modèle stalinien, vers une économie de marché dont le modèle est fourni par les nouveaux pays industriels voisins du Viêtnam. La première partie de l'article présente les succès de la transition vietnamienne : stabilisation monétaire sans déflation, retour à un quasi-équilibre budgétaire, amortissement du choc dû à l'éclatement de la zone rouble, retour à l'autosuffisance alimentaire. La deuxième partie examine les points sur lesquels une incertitude demeure, qui risquent d'hypothéquer la développement économique dans le futur : déficit commercial croissant, ralentissement du flux des inve­tissements directs étrangers, retard des campagnes sur les villes, démographie galopante, dégradation des services publics.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Herland, 1998. "Succès et incertitudes de la transition vietnamienne," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 49(1), pages 303-320.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1998_num_49_1_409979
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