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L'ajustement de l'offre et de la demande de qualifications. Le rôle du système éducatif

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  • Danièle Blondel

Abstract

[fre] L'ajustement de l'offre et de la demande de qualifications le rôle du système éducatif. . Les systèmes éducatifs sont souvent accusés de ne pas fournir au marché du travail les qualifications nécessaires. L'Éducation nationale, en France, a cherché récemment (1987) à répondre à ce défi en construisant son programme pour l'an 2000 à partir d'un modèle de prévision des qualifications requises à cette date pour la production nationale. Les dangers de cette méthode « adéquationniste » sont relevés ici. Outre les aléas de la prévision globale des taux de croissance (de la production, de la productivité ou de l'emploi), elle se heurte, en effet, à l'incertitude concernant le comportement de recrutement des entrepreneurs. Plus fondamentalement, d'un point de vue théorique, le modèle peut être critiqué pour son déterminisme technologique. Une autre définition de la politique de formation initiale est alors proposée : fondée sur le principe de recherche permanente de flexibilité, elle prendrait la forme d'une gestion concertée des qualifications entre le système éducatif et le système productif. [eng] How to adjust supply and demand of skills ? The role of the french national education system. . Education and training Systems are very often accused of being unable to offer the skills which the productive system needs. In 1987 the French National Education Department attempted to answer this challenge by proposing a macro-economic forecasting model which would predict the number of persons by type of qualification required at the end of a twelve years period (in 2000). The dangers of such an " adequationnist method " include uncertainties about growth rates in production, productivity, employment etc... and about the recruitment behaviour of firms. Moreover, from a theoretical point of view, this model can be criticized for its " technological determinism ". In conclusion, the paper proposes a different criterion for developing a policy for skill training. It is based on skills' co-management by industry and education and its main principle is that of a permanent search of flexibility.

Suggested Citation

  • Danièle Blondel, 1992. "L'ajustement de l'offre et de la demande de qualifications. Le rôle du système éducatif," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(4), pages 725-738.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1992_num_43_4_409389
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1992.409389
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1992.409389
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