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La répartition de la fortune mobilière à Lille (1850-1914)

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  • Félix-Paul Codaccioni

Abstract

[eng] The distribution of personnal property in Lille from 1850 to 1914. . The problems raised by the distribution of wealth are both of an economic and a social nature. Between 1850 and 1914, in Lille, transferable securities property keep increasing regularly, as it embodies 56,7 % of the whole fortune in 1850 and 87 % on the eve of World Ward I.. The share of the ruling class in the control of this wealth keeps growing in a similar way, reaching 95% at the beginning of the XXth century ; yet this class groups only 9 % of the population of the town. The middle and lower classes have experienced an evolution in the opposite direction, and on the eve of 1914, their share in the personnal property of the town is remarkably low (4,4 % for the. middle classe, and 0,1 % for the lower classes).. One must note that this personnal property changed, over time : it increased by 466 % in 65 years, and its components found a new equilibrium. Industrial, financial and railway securities (referred to as « presenting an economic interest ») made an extraordinary boom, increasing by 1,241 %. There was also, during the whole period a growing interest for foreign securities of all kinds. However, this evolution of the portfolio of Lille reflects only the aims and cares of the ruling class whose influence remained constantly overwhelming both as regards the total volume of securities assets and their allocation. [fre] La répartition de la fortune mobilière à Lille (1850-1914). . Les problèmes soulevés par la répartition de la richesse sont d'ordre économique et d'ordre social. Entre 1850 et 1914, à Lille, la fortune mobilière est en constante progression puisqu'elle représente 56,7 % de la fortune globale en 1850 et 87% à la veille de 1914.. La part des classes dirigeantes dans le contrôle de cette richesse ne cesse de s'affirmer aussi, dépassant 95 % au début du XXe siècle ; et pourtant ces mêmes classes ne regroupent que 9 % de la population. Sans doute des variations relativement marquées caractérisent la puissance biologique des classes moyennes et des, classes populaires dans la cité; mais une même évolution, régressive en quelque sorte, authentifie leur destin économique et, à la veille, de 1914, les unes et les autres ne participent que d'une façon dérisoire à la richesse mobilière de la ville (4,4'% par les classes moyennes et 0,1 % par les classes populaires). Cette richesse mobilière a cependant évolué ; elle augmente d'abord de 466 % en 65 ans, ensuite ses composantes ont trouvé de nouveaux équilibres. Le poste des valeurs dites « d'intérêt économique » (ferroviaires, industrielles, financières) a littéralement explosé, puisqu'il s'accroît de 1,241 %. L'intérêt pour les valeurs étrangères de toute nature ne cesse également de s'affirmer tout au long de la période. Mais cette évolution du portefeuille lillois n'est en définitive que le décalque des préoccupations des classés dirigeantes, dont l'influence reste constamment déterminante en ce qui concerne l'importance de la masse, mobilière d'une part et la nature de ses composantes d'autre part.

Suggested Citation

  • Félix-Paul Codaccioni, 1972. "La répartition de la fortune mobilière à Lille (1850-1914)," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(5), pages 812-841.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1972_num_23_5_408052
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1972.408052
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1972.408052
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