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Eléments pour une critique des théories de la croissance (première partie)

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  • Philippe Herzog

Abstract

[eng] The aim of this article is to furnish some elements to criticize contemporary theories of growth, in confronting them with the marxist theory of the development of the capitalist mode of production. The analysis of growth are successively considered as « explicatory » schemes of the way iri which the economy functions in the capitalist System, and as technical supports of a management practice of this system.. As a representation of the economie basis of capitalism, the none-marxist works caracterize themselves by their anhistoricity and their form of models. Neither the economie structures, nor the agents of the economie practice and their behaviour, nor the economie processes, are identified under the historical forms specifie to capitalism or to one of its stages. In this way, the explications of the fondamental phenomena of profits, of growth, and the instability of capitalist economy, are researched separately, from groups of particular hypothesis, which vary according the models, on the « behaviours » of the agents. Marx, on the contrary, gives account simultaneously of these phenomena, as being bound to a social structure : he doesn't make them dependant one on another, or on empiric notations on individuel behaviours. [fre] Cet article a pour objet de fournir les éléments d'une critique. des théories contemporaines de la croissance, en les confrontant à la théorie marxiste du développement du mode de production capitaliste. Les analyses de la croissance sont considérées successivement comme des schémas « explicatifs » du fonctionnement de l'économie dans le système capitaliste, et comme des supports d'une éventuelle pratique de gestion de ce système.. Comme représentations de la base économique du capitalisme, les travaux non marxistes se caractérisent par leur anhistoricité et leur forme de modèles. Ni les structures économiques, ni les sujets de la pratique économique et leurs comportements, ni les processus économiques, ne sont identifiés sous les formes histo­riques spécifiques du capitalisme ou d'un de ses stades. De sorte que les expli­cations des phénomènes fondamentaux du profit, de la croissance et de l'instabilité de l'économie capitaliste sont recherchées séparément, à partir de corps d'hypo­thèses particuliers, et variant selon les modèles, sur les « comportements » des agents. Au contraire, Marx rend compte de ces phénomènes simultanément, comme liés à une structure sociale : il ne les fait pas dépendre les uns des autres, ou de notions empiriques sur les comportements individuels.

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  • Philippe Herzog, 1970. "Eléments pour une critique des théories de la croissance (première partie)," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(2), pages 199-242.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1970_num_21_2_407913
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1970.407913
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1970.407913
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michel Aglietta & Raymond Courbis, 1969. "Un outil du Plan : le modèle Fifi," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 1(1), pages 45-65.
    2. Paul A. Samuelson, 1962. "Parable and Realism in Capital Theory: The Surrogate Production Function," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 29(3), pages 193-206.
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