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Analyse de la politique agricole et de l'évolution du commerce de produits agricoles en Roumanie (1991-1992)

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  • Mircéa Cosea

Abstract

[fre] Disposant d'un potentiel significatif dans l'ensemble de l'économie nationale (20, 4 % du PIB en 1991) et d'une structure compatible avec une évolution favorable de la production végétale et animale, l'agriculture roumaine se trouve dans l'avant-garde du processus de la réforme économique et sociale de la Roumanie. Dans une première étape, la privatisation de la terre n'a pas été en même temps un succès économique. Le changement brusque des anciennes structures d'organisation et de fonctionnement de l'agriculture a provoqué une forte chute de la production et le déséquilibre de la balance des paiements extérieurs ; les implications au plan social, n'en sont pas moins importantes. Le monopole de l'Etat sur la direction et la vente des produits agricoles a été remplacé par des mesures de stimulations grâce à des politiques financières et des relations spécifiques à l'économie de marché. La politique commerciale a été caractérisée par l'interdiction ou la limitation de certaines exportations et par l'importation d'importantes quantités de produits agro-alimentaires, assurées surtout par des crédits extérieurs et des aides gouvernementales. [eng] Agricultural policy and developments in the trade of agricultural products in Romania (1991-1992) . . With a significant potential within the national economy (20,4 % of CDP in 1991) and a structure consistent with a favourable evolution of plant and animal output, the romanian agriculture is the van of the economic and social reform process in Romania. In the first stage, land privatization did not lead to economic success. The sharp change of the old organizational and functional structure of agriculture determined a strong déclin of output with a negative impact on the external balance of payments ; the social effects are important as well. The State monopoly on the distribution and selling of agricultural products has been replaced by incentives through financial policies and relationships specific to market economy. The main features of trade policies consisted in the prohibition or limitation of some exports and the impact of significant amounts of agro-food products covered especially by external credits and governmental aids.

Suggested Citation

  • Mircéa Cosea, 1993. "Analyse de la politique agricole et de l'évolution du commerce de produits agricoles en Roumanie (1991-1992)," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 214(1), pages 34-38.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1993_num_214_1_4527
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1993.4527
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1993.4527
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