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Le concept et l'application des parités agricoles à la CEE en 1984

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  • Frans Goossens
  • Eric Tollens

Abstract

[fre] La comparaison internationale en valeurs réelles de la production finale de l'agriculture est effectuée habituellement en Écu à l'aide des taux de change. Cette comparaison est affectée de distorsions dues au* différents niveaux de prix aux producteurs dans les pays concernés. Dans toutes les comparaisons, où il est nécessaire de parvenir à des résultats en valeurs réelles ou en volume, c'est-à-dire en faisant abstraction des différences de niveau des prix, des parités de pouvoir d'achat sont nécessaires. Au niveau communautaire, l'utilisation du Standard de Pouvoir d'Achat relatif au PIB comme taux de change permet de prendre en compte le niveau général des prix dans les Etats-membres. Pour éliminer les distorsions spécifiques liées aux différents niveaux de prix des produits agricoles, une parité spécifique à l'agriculture nommée Parité Agricole (PA), c'est-à-dire un taux de change fictif pour chaque agrégat des comptes économiques agricoles, a été établie. L'unité de référence dans laquelle les nouvelles valeurs sont exprimées est appelée Standard Agricole (SA). La valeur totale de la production finale de l'agriculture de la CEE en Écu et en SA est, par définition, identique pour l'année 1984. Le SA reflète le niveau réel des prix pour la production finale de l'agriculture de chaque pays membre. Il diffère beaucoup de la valeur exprimée en Écu et en SPA. L'article présente le calcul des PA pour l'agriculture communautaire en 1984 et analyse les conséquences pour la comparaison en valeurs réelles des agrégats des comptes économiques agricoles disponibles dans CRONOS. [eng] International comparisons of real values of final production of agriculture are usually made in Ecu by applying the exchange rate. These comparisons may produce distorted results caused by a difference in price level for the same product in the countries concerned. In all comparisons where results in real values or in volume terms are required, i.e. ignoring differences in price levels, purchasing power parities are necessary. At the Community level, the use of Purchasing Power Standards calculated on the basis of GDP as exchange rates allows the general price level in Member States to be taken into account. To eliminate the specific distortions related to a difference in price level of agricultural products, a specific agricultural parity called Agricultural Parity (AP), i.e. a fictitious exchange rate for the aggregates of the economic accounts of agriculture, has been established. The reference unit in which these new values are expressed is called the Agricultural Standard (AS). The total value of final production of agriculture in the Community in 1984 in Ecu is by definition equal to its value in AS. The AS reflects the real price level of final production of agriculture in each Member State. It differs significantly from the value expressed in Ecu and in PPS. The article presents the calculation of AP for agriculture in the Community in 1984 and analyses the consequences for comparisons in real values of the aggregates of the economic accounts of agriculture available in CRONOS.

Suggested Citation

  • Frans Goossens & Eric Tollens, 1989. "Le concept et l'application des parités agricoles à la CEE en 1984," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 191(1), pages 13-18.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1989_num_191_1_3969
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1989.3969
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1989.3969
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. J.P. Butault, 1986. "Les performances comparées des systèmes de production de lait en Europe," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(1), pages 18-24.
    2. A. Pacquet & M. Meizels, 1986. "Les prix agricoles et leur évolution différenciée dans chaque pays se justifient-ils économiquement ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(1), pages 46-51.
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    1. Bureau, Jean Christophe & Butault, Jean-Pierre & Hoque, Anwarul, 1992. "International Comparisons of Costs of Wheat Production in the EC and United States," Staff Reports 278676, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.

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