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Conditions et limites de l'insertion du Brésil dans les échanges mondiaux de soja

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  • V. Lecercq

Abstract

[eng] Conditions and limits of the insertion of brazil in the soybean world market - Brazil, now the first world exporter of soybean oil and meal, seems to prooye that it is possible for a Third-World country to succeed in a strategy of agricultural development based on financial transfers from the State to the soybean sector, increasing its integration in the world market of fats and oils. Two of the premises that allowed that development are no more able to play the role they played in the 70's : while one can observe an increasing competition in a stagnating world market, the financial crisis induces an important diminution of agricultural credit and a brutal increase of interest rate. If the competitivity of brazilian soybean was maintened in 1985-86 because of a low level of capitalisation of the producers, it supposes a reformulation of fiscal policy and a diminution of internal transport costs. [fre] Devenu le premier exportateur mondial de tourteau et d'huile de soja, le Brésil semble prouver qu'un pays du tiers-monde peut réussir une stratégie de développement agricole fondée d'une part sur des transferts massifs de l'État vers le secteur soja, d'autre part sur une intégration croissante au marché international des oléo-protéagineux en pleine expansion. Mais deux des conditions de ce « boom » agricole sont remises en cause au cours des années 1980 : la crise financière se solde par une forte baisse de la valeur du crédit rural et un relèvement brutal des taux d'intérêt, tandis que le marché international se caractérise par une relance de la concurrence en cette période de stagnation de la demande. Si la compétitivité du soja brésilien a pu être maintenue en 1985-86 au prix d'une faible capitalisation des producteurs, elle suppose une reformulation de la politique fiscale et une diminution des frais de transport interne.

Suggested Citation

  • V. Lecercq, 1986. "Conditions et limites de l'insertion du Brésil dans les échanges mondiaux de soja," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(1), pages 39-45.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1986_num_174_1_3767
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1986.3767
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1986.3767
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