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L'Ecu, devise de l'Europe, devise de facturation et de financement des échanges agro-alimentaires

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  • F. Billon

Abstract

[eng] The use of the european currency unit as an invoicing and financing currency . for the agricultural food trade - Introduced in March 1979 by the European Monetary System, the European Currency Unit has become a fundamental instrument of European monetary integration. Paradoxically, although public use of the Ecu has progressed only slightly over the past seven years, its official backing has led to a spectacular development of the Ecu as a Euro-currency : its unique characteristics have made it the most stable currency at the present time, in terms of exchange rates and interest rates, with regard to other EEC currencies and also non-EEC currencies. The Ecu has become a privileged medium for international finance operations and is widely used by the multinationals as a financing and invoicing currency. It is curious to note that the agricultural foodstuff sector, which was the first to be concerned by Ecu (as an accounting unit for Common Agricultural Policy aid amounts and for the Community budget), still only uses the Ecu on a restriced level, despite the fact that the regulations applied in agricultural trading make it a valuable tool for the operators. The generalization of the Ecu as an invoicing and financing currency for the agri-business in Europe would considerably contribute to resboring the unity of the agricultural common market. [fre] Instauré par le Système Monétaire Européen en mars 1979, l'Ecu constitue un instrument fondamental de l'intégration monétaire européenne. Paradoxalement bien que son usage public n'ait que peu progressé depuis sept ans, ce parrainage officiel a facilité le spectaculaire développement de l'Ecu en tant qu'eurodevise: ses caractéristiques propres ont fait de l'Ecu la devise dont le taux de change et le taux d'intérêt sont aujourd'hui les plus stables tant vis-à-vis des monnaies de la CEE que vis-à-vis des monnaies tierces. Devenu un support privilégié d'opérations financières internationales, l'Ecu est aujourd'hui utilisé comme devise de financement et de facturation par des sociétés multinationales. Il est curieux de constater que la filière agro-alimentaire, pourtant la première à s'être familiarisée avec la notion d'Ecu (en tant qu'unité d'expression des montants de soutien de la Politique Agricole Commune et du budget de la CEE) ne fait qu'un usage encore restreint de cette devise. Pourtant, les réglementations propres aux échanges agricoles font de l'Ecu un instrument qui peut être précieux aux opérateurs. Sa généralisation comme devise de facturation et de financement des échanges agro-alimentaires de l'Europe ne pourrait que contribuer à une restauration de l'unicité du marché commun agricole.

Suggested Citation

  • F. Billon, 1986. "L'Ecu, devise de l'Europe, devise de facturation et de financement des échanges agro-alimentaires," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 174(1), pages 11-17.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1986_num_174_1_3763
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1986.3763
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1986.3763
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