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Exportations agricoles et déficit alimentaire en Afrique

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  • A. Basler

Abstract

[eng] Agricultural exports and food deficit in Africa - The comparative advantage of a set of products can only be one criterion for decision-making in agriculture in developing countries. Other criteria have to be taken into account. The food problems of Africa are coupled with the various repercussions of an export-led strategy on food production. In fact, it must be expected that such a strategy will reduce the performance of food production and marketing, because inputs and incentive measures are exclusively reserved to export activities. These branches employ only a small share of rural population, because the absorptive capacity of world markets is limited, whereas the great majority is engaged in food channels. The given specialization between industrialized countries (exporting foods) and African countries (exporting other agricultural items) can seriously affect the development in rural areas. [fre] Les coûts comparés relatifs de différents produits ne sont qu'un indice provisoire pour définir une structure optimale de la production. D'autres critères s'imposent. Face aux problèmes alimentaires en Afrique, il faut s'interroger sur les répercussions des exportations agricoles, sur le volume et le rendement à loncj terme de la production alimentaire. Elle risque de stagner parce que les facteurs de production sont attribués exclusivement à la production de «rente». Celle-ci n'engage, pourtant, qu'une minorité de la population, vu la capacité d'absorption limitée du marché mondial. La majorité écrasante de la population rurale est employée dans la filière alimentaire. Le modèle d'échange entre les pays industriels (exportant des produits vivriers) et les pays africains (exportant d'autres produits agricoles) risque de bloquer le développement qui doit être en premier lieu un développement agricole et rural.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Basler, 1986. "Exportations agricoles et déficit alimentaire en Afrique," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 173(1), pages 60-66.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1986_num_173_1_3759
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1986.3759
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1986.3759
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Basler, Alois, 1983. "Neuere Entwicklungen im Weltagrarhandel," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 32(06).
    2. Jimmye S. Hillman, 1981. "The Role of Export Cropping in Less Developed Countries," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 63(2), pages 375-383.
    3. Cathy L. Jabara & Robert L. Thompson, 1980. "Agricultural Comparative Advantage under International Price Uncertainty: The Case of Senegal," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 62(2), pages 188-198.
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