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La formation des prix et le marché céréalier

Author

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  • Lucien Daste

Abstract

[fre] Pour parler aux agriculteurs de l'Indre de [problèmes qui les touchent de près (formation des prix et commercialisation des produits agricoles), une étude a été entreprise sur le marché céréalier. . La théorie des systèmes permet de définir le marché céréalier comme un système de commercialisation qui a une finalité (satisfaire offreurs et demandeurs par la formation d'un prix rémunérateur) et un environnement complexe (condi tions de transport, règlements communautaires, incidence des accords internationaux...). . Le système s'auto-influence selon deux tendances, l'une stabilisatrice et l'autre perturbatrice, qui ne peuvent être complètement maîtrisées. Ainsi auto-influencé, île système ne peut s'auto-réguler : tel est le risque du marché. Les producteurs, les coopératives et négociants locaux, les utilisateurs cherchent à évacuer une part importante des risques vers les firmes du négoce international (dont 'l'action semble surtout bénéficier aux industriels utilisateurs. ..). . Le marché des céréales est un système évolutif : les rapports de force entre les différents agents peuvent le modifier. Ainsi, dans l'Indre J'équilibre coopératives-négociants est instable. Cette précarité, et le développement de leur capacité de stockage sur place, permettent aux agriculteurs d'exiger des prix fermes. . La pression des agents du marché et celle de la collectivité nationale amènent l'Etat à intervenir en compliquant encore davantage l'environnement du marché céréalier. . Cependant, la formation des prix et la commercialisation des céréales ne peuvent être dissociées. [eng] In order to discuss problems concerning farmers in the Indre Department with them (price fixing and marketing of farm products) a survey of the grain market has been undertaken. . Systems theory enables the grain market to be defined as a marketing system with a purpose (to satisfy suppliers and demanders by fixing a satisfactory price) and a complex environment (transport conditions, community regulations, impact of international agreements). . The system influences itself according to two tendences — one towards stability, one towards perturbation — that cannot be wholly controlled. Being influenced in this way the system cannot regulate itself, that is the market risk. The producers, the cooperatives and local traders, and users attempt to passon a great part of this risk to international trade firms (whose action seems principally to advantage industrialists who make use of them). . The grain market is an evolving system, the relationships between the various agents can modify it. In the Indre department the balance between cooperatives and traders is unstable. This instability and the increase in their stocking capacity locally enable farmers to demand firm prices. . The pressures of agents on the market and of the nation as a whole, lead to state intervention which also complicates still further the grain market environment. . Yet, price fixing and grain marketing cannot be dissociated.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucien Daste, 1979. "La formation des prix et le marché céréalier," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 129(1), pages 17-27.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1979_num_129_1_2612
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1979.2612
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1979.2612
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