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Le Crédit Agricole et l'espace régional

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  • A. Gueslin

Abstract

[eng] The credit agricole and regional space - The purpose of this article is to study a little-known aspect of the Crédit Agricole — its regional aspect. The surveys published so far are mainly interested in the global aspect or in a geographically limited whole. The writer attempts to demonstrate the importance of rural areas in the gathering of their funds. He demonstrates, with several indicators, that agricultural factors have an importance in the internal distribution of deposits. By using the method of localization quotients he shows a certain geographical concentration of their funds compared with the banking sector. . The writer then considers the employment of these funds. The Crédit Agricole's role in farming areas is obvious because it is specified in its statutes which underwent a slight modification in 1971. The geographical concentration is even clearer. The Gini index reaches 0.517. The writer shows that loans seem to increase the richer the agricultural possibilities of the region. Globally this static approach shows that the traditional cleavage between farming France and industrial France still exists. In view of the available statistics the writer cautiously concludes that the Crédit Agricole has little effect on compensation. Finally, he raises the question of regional growth and the discrepancies to which it gives rise. He shows that poor farming areas have developed the Crédit Agricole. A synthetic graph enables this phenomenon to be explained by competition between banks which may well be more active in dynamic agricultural regions. The graph also shows that there are more deposits in town areas. In conclusion the writer considers the future. In 1974 the Crédit Agricole declined in comparison with the banking sector. He asks the question without being able to give an answer for the moment. [fre] Cet article a pour but d'étudier un aspect peu connu du Crédit Agricole : l'aspect régional. Les études publiées jusqu'à présent s'intéressent surtout à l'aspect global ou à un ensemble géographiquement limité. L'auteur tente de montrer l'importance des régions rurales dans la collecte de l'organisme. Il démontre à l'aide de plusieurs indicateurs que les facteurs agricoles ont une influence dans la répartition interne des dépôts de fonds. En utilisant la méthode des quotients de localisation, il démontre une certaine concentration géographique de la collecte comparativement au secteur bancaire. . L'auteur se place ensuite au niveau des emplois. L'engagement du Crédit Agricole en milieu rural est évident puisqu'il s'explique par les statuts, légèrement modifiés d'ailleurs en 1971. La concentration géographique est plus nette : le coefficient de Gini s'élève à 0,517. L'auteur montre que les prêts semblent augmenter en fonction de la richesse agricole de la région considérée. . Au total, cette approche statique montre la permanence du clivage traditionnel entre la France rurale et la France industrielle. Compte tenu des statistiques disponibles, l'auteur conclut avec prudence au faible rôle de compensation joué par le Crédit Agricole. . Enfin, il pose le problème de la croissance régionale et des disparités qu'elle engendre. Il démontre que les régions rurales pauvres ont connu un développement au niveau du Crédit Agricole. Un graphique synthétique permet d'expliquer ce phénomène par la concurrence bancaire qui serait plus vive dans les régions agricoles dynamiques. Le graphique montre également que la collecte en milieu urbain connaît une certaine croissance. . En conclusion, l'auteur s'interroge sur l'avenir. En 1974, le Crédit Agricole a connu une régression comparativement au système bancaire : quelle est la nature du phénomène ?

Suggested Citation

  • A. Gueslin, 1977. "Le Crédit Agricole et l'espace régional," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 118(1), pages 24-32.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1977_num_118_1_2477
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1977.2477
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1977.2477
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