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Comprendre une société confrontée à la guerre civile : le Midi toulousain entre 1562 et 1596

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  • Pierre-Jean Souriac

Abstract

[fre] Entre 1560 et 1600, alors que le royaume de France est plongé dans les troubles de religion, le Midi toulousain apparaît comme un territoire original de cette forme de guerre civile. Citadelle d'un catholicisme intransigeant, Toulouse s'impose comme fer de lance de la défense de l'Église romaine au centre d'un axe s'étendant du Comminges au Rouergue en passant par l'Albigeois. En face, Mon- tauban, Castres, le comté de Foix s'affirment comme des bastions de lanouvelle opinion réformée. C'est de cette confrontation régionale que naquit la guerre civile. L'objet de cet article est de comprendre comment la société méridionale put mobiliser ses forces derrière l'un ou l'autre des partis afin de soutenir un conflit dont elle fut un des principaux théâtres. Qui donc fut capable de mobiliser hommes, argent, munitions et vivres pendant ces longues années de guerre civile? Quelles instances furent à même de prendre en mains les destinées de la région et avec quelles méthodes ? Qu'advint- il du royaume, de l'idée que l'on se faisait de la monarchie dans ce Midi toulousain? Est posée à l'historien la question de la militarisation d'une société, à la croisée de l'engagement volontaire et des contraintes d'un pays en guerre. [eng] Between 1560 and 1600, while the kingdom of France was embroiled in the War of Religion, Toulouse and its surrouding area was experiencing the civil war in its own way. A stronghold of staunch Catholicism, Toulouse acted as a sperhead in the defence of the Roman Church, at the centre of an axis leading from the Comminges to the Rouergue, passing through the Albigeois. Facing them, Montauban, Castres, and the Conty of Foix stood as bastions of the protestant faith. Civil war was born from this regional confrontation. The aim of this thesis is to understand how Southern society was able to mobilize its forces in support of one of the other of the two camps in what was one of the main theatres of the war. Who was able to mobilize men, money, munitions and provisions during the long years of the civil war ? Which authorities were in a position to control the destinity of the region, and by what means ? What became of the Kingdom and the idea of monarchy in this Southern region of France ? Research carried out in the archives of a variety of institutions - Crown, Parliament, the regional Estates of Languedoc and the Comminges, the local governments

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Jean Souriac, 2004. "Comprendre une société confrontée à la guerre civile : le Midi toulousain entre 1562 et 1596," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 23(2), pages 261-272.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2004_num_23_2_2421
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2004.2421
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2004.2421
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