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Situations de précarité aux Antilles et en Guyane

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  • Alain Tranap

Abstract

[fre] Situations de précarité aux Antilles et en Guyane . Le déséquilibre entre une croissance très rapide de la population active, et des créations d'emploi insuffisantes explique la progression du chômage aux Antilles au cours des dix dernières années. Ce dernier s'accompagne de l'apparition d'une frange de situations intermédiaires enre chô- mage et activité à temps plein : emplois irréguliers ou à temps partiel, ou encore permanents mais mal rétribués. . Ces situations sont caractéristiques des départements français d'Amérique, où elles touchent un travailleur sur quatre. . Ajoutées au chômage, elles contribuent en 1 990 à mainteni r deux à trois habitants sur dix dans des conditions de vie précaires : ressources, logement rudimentaire, . sous-équipement en biens de consommation courante, caractérisent cette population défavorisée dont le faible niveau de formation constitue un obstacle supplémentaire à . l'insertion sociale et économique, Ces populations sont fréquemment concernées par le RMI : en 1990 on compte huitallocatairespourdixménages en situation précaire. En raison de liens antérieurs avec le système de protection sociale et familiale, les ménages avec enfant rentrent plus facilement dans cette filière d'insertion ou de réinsertion sociale. [spa] Situaciones de precariedad en las Antillas y en Guayana . El desequilibrio entre un crecimiento muy râpido de la po- blaciôn activa y una creaciôn de empleos insuficiente ex- plica la progresiôn del desempleo en las Antilles, en el transcurso de los ûltimos diez anos. El para va acompana- do de una série de situaciones intermediarias entre el desempleo y la actividad a tjempo complète : empleos irregulares oatiempo parcial, o bien permanentes peromal retribuidos. Estas situaciones caracterfsticas de los depar- tamentos franceses de America, conciernen a uno de cada cuatro trabajadores. . Agregadas al desempleo, contribuyeron en 1 990 a mante- ner dos o très de cada diez habitantes en condiciones de vida precarias : escasos recursos, vivienda rudimentaria, sub-equipamiento en bienes de consumo coniente carac- terizan a este estrato desfavorecido de la poblaciôn cuyo escaso nivel de capacitaciôn constituye un obstâculo su- plementario a la reinsercion social y econômica. . El RMI concieme con f recuencia a estas capas sociales. En 1990, se registraba una media de echo beneficiarios de cada diez hogares en situacion precaria. Acausa de los vfn- culos anteriores con el sistema de protecciôn social y familiar, los hogares con ninos se integran mâs fâcilmente en esta vfa de inserciôn o de reinsercion social. [eng] Precarious Situations in the French West Indies and Guyana . The disequilibrium between a very rapid growth of the working population and the inadequate number of new jobs explains unemployment trends in the West Indies over the last ten years. It is accompanied by the appearance of a series of marginal intermediary positions between unemployment and full-time employment : irregular jobs, part-time jobs, or also badly-paid steady jobs. These jobs are characteristic of the f rench overseas départements, where one worker in four is affected. . In 1 990, in addition to unemployment, these jobs were in part responsible for keeping two to three inhabitants out of ten in precarious living conditions : low incomes, rudimentary housing, and a paucity of current consumer goods are characteristic of this underpriviledged population whose low level of training constitutes an additional obstacle to social and economic integration, These people frequently qualify for the RMI : in 1 990 eight recipients for every ten households were in a precarious situation. Because of preceding connections with the social and family welfare system, households with children enter more easily into this system of social integration or reintegration.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Tranap, 1992. "Situations de précarité aux Antilles et en Guyane," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 252(1), pages 63-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1992_num_252_1_5641
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1992.5641
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1992.5641
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