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Place et efficacité des branches : la France face à ses partenaires européens

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  • Philippe Sigogne

Abstract

[spa] Lugar y eficacia de las ramas : Francia frente a los países miembros - De 1970 a 1978, la estructura de la producción francesa se fué asemejando al promedio de la Comunidad. Dicha evolución, la que se realize en un ámbito de fuerte crecimiento y de mediana inflación, es, en primer lugar, el resultado de las tendencias al volumen. Francia disfrutaba una productividad laboral media en 1970, colocándose, no obstante, en tercer lugar con relación a industria y servicios mercantes. De 1970 a 1978 las ganancias resultaron mayormente de cambios estructu rales, gran parte del desarrollo adquirido entre 1970 y 1979 fué puesto a debate durante la crisis, mis o menos enteramente según combinación de los precios relativos. En equiparación con la industria, el frenazo de la productividad repercutió con mayor fuerza en la agricultura, la energía y los servicios mercantes. El consumo capitalístico per cápita se incrementó con mayor rapidez que la productividad laboral a raiz de importantes inversiones en algunas ramas protegidas. Los precios relativos de servicios mercantes aparecen elevados en Francia y por lo tanto si la productividad real de la industria permanece semejante a la de la República federal de Alemania, la de los servicios dista de ella. Estos utilizaron el capital con escasa eficacia en comparación con los Paises bajos, Italia y el Reino Unido. [eng] The Position and Effectiveness of Sectors : France and its European Partners - From 1970 to 1978 the patterns of French production drew closer to the European Community average. This trend, which developed against a background of high growth and moderate inflation, is primarily the result of trends in volume. The productivity, of labor in France in 1970 was average, although it occupied, nonetheless, third place in the areas of industry and commercial services. From 1970 to 1978 progress was primarily the result of structural changes, although, due to the crisis, much of this progress was compromised more or less completely depending on the variations of relative prices. Compared to the industrial sector, the sudden drop in productivity was sharper in the sector of agriculture, energy, and commercial services. Capital consumption per capita went up more rapidly than labor productivity due to major investing in certain protected areas. The relative prices of commercial services appear to be high in France and as a consequence although the real productivity of industry is close to that of Federal Germany, the gap in the area of services is considerable. The service sector seems to use capital far less effectively than in the Netherlands, Italy, and United Kingdom. [fre] De 1970 à 1978 la structure de la production française s'est rapprochée de la moyenne communautaire. Cette évolution, qui s'est faite sur un fond de croissance forte et d'inflation moyenne, est d'abord le résultat des tendances en volume. La France était dotée d'une productivité du travail moyenne en 1970, se situant toutefois en troisième place dans l'industrie et les services marchands. De 1970 à 1978 les gains ont surtout résulté de changements de structure, une grande partie de l'avance acquise de 1970 à 1979 ayant été remise en cause pendant la crise, plus ou moins complètement selon le jeu des prix relatifs. Comparativement à l'industrie, le coup de frein à la productivité a été plus fortement ressenti dans l'agriculture, l'énergie et les services marchands. La consommation de capital par tête s'est élevée plus rapidement que la productivité du travail du fait d'importants investissements dans certaines branches abritées. Les prix relatifs des services marchands semblent élevés en France et donc si la productivité réelle de l'industrie reste proche de celle de l'Allemagne fédérale, celle des services s'en écarte. Ces derniers utiliseraient le capital assez peu efficacement en comparaison des Pays-Bas, de l'Italie et du Royaume-Uni.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Sigogne, 1981. "Place et efficacité des branches : la France face à ses partenaires européens," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 139(1), pages 39-56.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1981_num_139_1_4558
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1981.4558
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1981.4558
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    1. Hugues Picard, 1979. "Les pays selon leur PIB en valeur réelle," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 111(1), pages 47-63.
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    1. Aglietta, Michel & Boyer Robert, 1982. "Poles de compétitivité, stratégie industrielle et politique macroéconomique," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 8223, CEPREMAP.

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