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Les résultats de la dernière enquête sur l'emploi : population active et chômage en mars 1981

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  • Pierre Laulhé

Abstract

[fre] L'INSEE réalise tous les six mois une enquête auprès des ménages portant sur l'emploi et le chômage. Les résultats de la dernière enquête — celle de mars 1981 — sont disponibles. Le chômage a continué d'augmenter de mars 1980 à mars 1981 : à cette dernière date, il y avait pratiquement 1,6 million de chômeurs au sens du Bureau international du travail. Une des principales caractéristiques de l'évolution est la croissance plus rapide du chômage masculin, notamment parmi les ouvriers. Comme au printemps 1978, il faut y voir la marque de la mauvaise conjoncture qui a régné durant les mois qui ont précédé l'enquête. D'autre part, et pour la première fois depuis trois ans, le taux d'activité féminin n'a pas augmenté : environ 44 % des femmes de 15 ans ou plus occupent ou cherchent un emploi. Est-ce l'amorce d'une évolution nouvelle ? Est-ce au contraire un phénomène conjoncturel ? Il est difficile de se prononcer, mais le précédent de mars 1978 fait plutôt pencher pour la seconde interprétation. [spa] Resultados de la ultima encuesta relativa a empleo : población activa y desempleo en marzo de 1981 - El INSEE lleva a efecto cad a semestre una encuesta cerca de los hogares, la que abarca empleó y desempleo. Los resultados de la ultima encuesta — la de marzo de 1981 — se hallan disponibles. El desempleo siguió incrementándose de marzo de 1980 a marzo de 1981 : a la sazén, se registraba prácticamente 1 millón 6 de desocupados en el sentido que le dá la OIT. Una de las principales características de la evolución es el incremento mas rápido del desempleo varonil, especial mente entre obreros. Al igual que en la primavera de 1978, es patente la coyuntura adversa, la que imperó a lo largo de los meses que precedieron a la encuesta. Por otra parte, y por primera vez desde hace tres años, la tasa de actividad femenina no se incremento : aproximadamente un 44 % de mujeres de 15 años o más de edad ocupan o están en busca de un empleo. ¿ Se trata del principio de una nueva evolución ? ¿ Es, por lo contrario, un fenómeno coyuntural ? Resulta diffcil determinarlo mas lo acaecido en marzo de 1978 incita más pronto a adoptar la segunda interpretación. [eng] The Results of the Latest Employment, Survey,: the Labor Force and Unemployment in March, 1981 - Every six months the INSEE makes a household survey in the area of employment and unemployment. The results of the latest survey of March, 1981, are now available. Unemployment continued to rise between March, 1980 and March, 1981, when there were 1,6 million unemployed in International Labor Organization terms. One of the key aspects of this trend is the more rapid growth in the unemployment of men, notably among industrial workers.' As was the case in Spring of 1978, this was the result of the weak economic situation which characterized the months preceeding the survey. On the other hand, for the first time in three years, the rate of women working has not increased : approximately 44 % of women over fifteen are either currently employed or are seeking employment. Is this the beginning of a new trend, or is it a temporary reaction to the economic situation ? It is difficult to say with certainty; however, the precedent of March,. 1978, suggests that the latter interpretation is the more likely.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Laulhé, 1981. "Les résultats de la dernière enquête sur l'emploi : population active et chômage en mars 1981," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 137(1), pages 25-34.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1981_num_137_1_4531
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1981.4531
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1981.4531
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