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L'activité féminine poursuit sa progression

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  • Pierre Laulhé

Abstract

[spa] La actividad femenina continua su progresión - La ultima encuesta sobre el empleo de marzo de 1979 confirma las dificultades crecientes del mercado del trabajo. Con respecto a marzo de 1978, el desempleo en el sentido de la OIT se incrementó en 17,4% y las demandas de empleo ante la Agencia nacional para el empleo en 20,4 %. El aumento de la inestabilidad del empleo contribuye a este crecimiento : la conclusion de empleos ocasionales, principalmente, se duplicó desde el ano precedente y los despidos colectivos han crecido más rapidamente que los despidos individuales. El desempleo es sentido más vivamente ya que, entre los desempleados en el sentido de la OIT, están en fuerte progresión los porcentajes de personas que se declaran espontâneamente en desempleo y los de inscritas en la Agencia. Paralelamente, el promedio de antigiiedad del desempleo sigue elevándose y alcanza casi un año. Las mujeres jóvenes, los extranjeros, los sin diplomas, los trabajadores de la construcción, de obras públicas y agricultura parecen ser los más expuestos al desempleo. A pesar de este contexto poco favorable, la tasa de actividad que se estancaba el ano pasado, reanudasu progresión (+ 1 punto) y, en especial, la de las mujeres. [eng] The Number of Women Working Continues to Grow - The latest survey on employment in March of 1979 confirms the increasingly difficult situation of the labor market. In comparison with March of 1978, unemployment, as defined by the ILO, has grown by 17.4%, and job requests filed with the Agence Nationale pour l'Emploi hive risen by 20.4 %. The growing precariousness of employment has aggravated this tendency : temporary positions, especially, are being terminated at twice the rate of the previous year and mass dismissals have grown more rapidly than individual dismissals. The impact of unemployment is greater since, among the unemployed as defined by the ILO, the percentage of individuals who spontaneously declare themselves as unemployed, as well as the number of individuals on file at the Agence, are rapidly growing. At the same time, the average duration of unemployment is continuing to increase and has reached nearly a year. Young women, foreigners, those lacking diplomas or degrees, together with civil and public construction workers and farm laborers seem to be the hardest hit by unemployment. In spite of this unpromising situation, the rate of activity, which stagnated last year, is beginning to rise again (+ 1 point), particularly in the case of women. [fre] La dernière enquête emploi de mars 1979 confirme les difficultés grandissantes du marché du travail. Par rapport à mars 1978, le chômage au sens du BIT s'est accru de 17,4%, les demandes d'emploi auprès de l'Agence nationale pour l'emploi de 20,4 %. Le développement de la précarité des emplois contribue à cette augmentation : les fins d'emplois occasionnels, notamment, ont doublé depuis l'année précédente et les licenciements collectifs ont crû plus vite que les licencie' ments individuels. Le chômage est plus vivement ressenti puisque, parmi les chômeurs au sens du BIT, la proportion de personnes se déclarant spontanément en chômage (PDRE), ainsi que la proportion d'inscrits à l'Agence, sont en vive progression. Parallèlement, l'ancienneté moyenne du chômage continue à s'élever, atteignant presqu'une année. Les jeunes femmes, les étrangers, les sans diplômes, les travailleurs du Bâtiment, génie civil et agricole, semblent les plus exposés. Malgré ce contexte peu favorable, le taux d'activité, qui stagnait l'an passé, reprend sa progression (+ 1 point) et en particulier celui des femmes.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Laulhé, 1979. "L'activité féminine poursuit sa progression," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 115(1), pages 71-79.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1979_num_115_1_4218
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1979.4218
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1979.4218
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jean-Pierre Revoil, 1979. "La croissance lente marque l'emploi," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 112(1), pages 3-19.
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