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Eléments de comparaison internationale des patrimoines des ménages

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  • Dominique Strauss-Kahn

Abstract

[eng] Some International Comparisons of the Wealth of Households - On the basis of fragmentary data regarding the wealth of households within the various European countries and the United States, a comparison of the structure of the wealth, of the inequality of its distribution, and of its evolution has been attempted. The proportion of financial and tangible assets vary in different countries. Great Britain, which has a heavy percentage of financial assets, notably in securities, is closer to the United States in this respect than to other European countries. In all countries, around 30 % of households possess no estate at all. This means that the disparities of wealth are the result of inequalities of income, inheritance, credit, and access to information. Although precautionary assets (checking and savings accounts, dwellings) are fairly widespread, very few households (10 % in France) own assets which confer economic power (land, farms, private businesses, profit-yielding real estate, stocks and bonds, and the like). Great Britain, which seems to be the country in which the inequality is the greatest, is also the one in which it is diminishing most rapidly. In France, the concentration of the wealth of households Increased slightly between 1945 and 1963 but appears to have stabilized since that time. [fre] A partir des bribes d'information existant sur les patrimoines de divers pays européens et des USA, une comparaison de la structure des patrimoines des inégalités de répartition et de leur évolution est tentée. Actifs financiers et actifs réels figurent de façon variable dans les patrimoines des différents pays. La Grande-Bretagne, avec une forte part d'actifs financiers, notamment de valeurs mobilières, se rapproche plus des USA que des autres pays européens. De façon générale, environ 30 % des ménages ne disposent d'aucun patrimoine. C'est le signe que les disparités de fortune résultent d'un cumul d'inégalités en matière de revenu, de transmissions héréditaires, de crédit, d'information... Si les actifs de jouissance ou de précaution (comptes-chèques, livrets d'épargne, logements) sont assez bien diffusés, par contre très peu de ménages (10 % en France) disposent des actifs qui confèrent un pouvoir économique (terres, exploitations agricoles, entreprises individuelles, immeubles de rapport, actions, obligations...). La Grande-Bretagne, pays où l'inégalité semble la plus forte, est également celui où elle diminue le plus vite. En France, la concentration du patrimoine a légèrement augmenté entre 1945 et 1963, mais semble depuis stationnaire. [spa] Elementos de equiparación internacionales del patrimonio de los Hogares - A partir de fragmentos de información que existen acerca de los patrimonios de diversos países europeos y de Estados Unidos, se intenta llevar a efecto una equiparación de la estructura de los patrimonios, de las desigualdades de su distribución y de su evolución. Haberes financieros y haberes reaies figuran en forma variable en los patrimonios de los diversos países. Gran Bretana, con una importante porción de haberes financieros, en especial valores mobiliarios, se asemeja más a Estados Unidos que a los demis países europeos. Por lo general, un 30 % de los hogares aproximadamente no dispone de patrimonio alguno, lo cual es serial de que las desemejanzas de fortunas resultan de un cúmulo de desigualdades en materia de ingreso, de transmisiones hereditarias, de crédito, de información,... Si haberes tales como cuentas corrientes en bancos, cartillas de ahorro, viviendas estan bastante extendidos, en cambio, poquísimos hogares (un 10 % en Francia) disfrutan haberes que confieren un poder económico (tierras, explotaciones agrícolas, empresas particulares, fin cas de renta, acciones, obligaciones,...). Gran Bretana, país en et que las desigualdades son, al parecer, de más consideración, se verifica también el país en el cual merman con mayor rapidez. En Francia, la concentración del patrimonio si incrementó algo entre 1945 y 1963 pero desde entonces permanece estacionario.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominique Strauss-Kahn, 1979. "Eléments de comparaison internationale des patrimoines des ménages," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 114(1), pages 119-125.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1979_num_114_1_2834
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1979.2834
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1979.2834
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    1. Antoine Coutière & Fabrice Hatem & Patrice Mantz & Christian Pontagnier, 1981. "La concentration du patrimoine des foyers," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 137(1), pages 35-52.

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