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L'emploi en 1975, l'impact de la récession

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  • Jean-Pierre Revoil

Abstract

[fre] L'emploi en 1975, l'impact de la récession -A partir de l'été 1974 et tout au long de l'année 1975, l'évolution de l'emploi a été profondément marquée par les conséquences d'une diminution importante de l'activité économique. La réduction des emplois a été générale et n'a épargné aucun secteur. En quelques mois le niveau du chômage a doublé, et l'Agence nationale pour l'emploi enregistre un million de demandeurs d'emploi. au cours du dernier trimestre 1975. Simultanément la sous-utilisation du potentiel de main-d'œuvre disponible pour l'économie prend plusieurs formes : développement du chômage partiel, réduction de la durée du travail, baisse de la productivité horaire du travail et enfin: retraits d'activité. Avec la reprise, la productivité est remontée au cours des trois derniers trimestres de 1975 et en fin d'année l'emploi a cessé de se dégrader. Mais le nécessaire retour à des progrès de productivité satisfaisants ne laisse pas prévoir de résorption notable du chômage en 1976. [spa] El empleo en 1975 - impacto del receso - A partir del verano de 1974 y a lo largo de 1975, la evolución del empleo se vió intensamente afectada por las implicaciones de un importante descenso de la actividad económica. La merma de empleos se generalize y afectó cada uno de lossectores. En pocos meses, el nivel del desempleo duplicó, y la Oficina Nacional del Empleo (Agence Nationale pour l'emploi) registre un millón de solicitudes de empleo en el curso del ultimo trimestre de 1975. Simultáneamente, la subutilización de la fuerza laboral disponible para la economía se presentaba en distintas formas : desarrollo del desempleo parcial, merma de las horastrabajadas, merma de la productividad laboral por hora y finalmente baja de actividad.. Con la recuperación de la economia, la productividad inició un alza en el curso de los tres últimos trimestres de 1975 y a finales del ano el empleo dejó de deteriorarse. Mas el imprescindible retorno a satisfacientes mejoras de la productividad no permite prever una notable reabsorbción del desempleo en 1976. [eng] Employment during 1975- recession's impact - From the summer of 1974 and during the course of 1975, employment's evolution was deeply concerned by the implication of an important decrease of economic activity. Employments reduction prevailed in each of the sectors. Within a few months, unemployment's level doubled and Agence Nationale pour l'Emploi recorded one million applicants for a job during the last quarter of 1975. Simultaneously, available idle capacity presented different bearings (e.g. development of short time, cuts in hours of work, reduction in labour hourly productivity and finally, withdrawals from activity). With the renewal of activity, productivity went up again in the course of the three last quarters of 1975, and at the end of the same year employment stopped deteriorating. Because of the necessary return to a satisfactory improvement of productivity, it is difficult to forecast an appreciable unemployment resorption for 1976.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Pierre Revoil, 1976. "L'emploi en 1975, l'impact de la récession," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 79(1), pages 3-16.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1976_num_79_1_2340
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1976.2340
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1976.2340
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