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Mondialisation, mobilité du capital et volatilité macro-économique

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  • Frédérique Bec

Abstract

[eng] This paper offers an examination of the impact of globalisation on macroeconomic volatility in Western countries using a two-good, two-country stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model. These countries differ mainly in the proportions of skilled and unskilled workers that they possess. Globalisation is experienced through a growth in the share of countries with many unskilled workers in the trade of Western countries. Two sources of stochastic disturbances are considered in turn : sectoral shocks common to two regions and regional shocks common to sectors. The findings suggest that, whatever the nature of the shocks, trade between structurally similar countries is less destabilising for the North than interregional trade such as that between North and South. If the shocks are sectoral, the North''s comprehensive specialisation increases volatility yet further – a phenomenon less pronounced in the case of regional shocks. [fre] Cet article propose un examen des effets de la mondialisation sur la volatilité macroéconomique des pays occidentaux, dans le cadre d''un modèle stochastique d''équilibre général dynamique à deux pays et deux biens. Ces pays se distinguent essentiellement par les proportions de travailleurs qualifiés et non-qualifiés dont ils disposent. La mondialisation est appréhendée par un accroissement de la part des pays à forte dotation en travailleurs non-qualifiés dans les échanges des pays occidentaux. Deux sources de perturbations stochastiques sont tour à tour envisagées : des chocs sectoriels communs aux deux régions et des chocs régionaux communs aux secteurs. Les résultats suggèrent que quelle que soit la nature des chocs, les échanges entre pays structurellement identiques sont moins déstabilisants pour le Nord que les échanges entre régions de type Nord-Sud. Lorsque les chocs sont sectoriels, la spécialisation complète du Nord accroît encore la volatilité, ce qui est moins net en cas de chocs régionaux.

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  • Frédérique Bec, 2002. "Mondialisation, mobilité du capital et volatilité macro-économique," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 152(1), pages 29-53.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2002_num_152_1_6364
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2002.6364
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2002.6364
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