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De l'équilibre de sous-emploi au chômage d'équilibre : la recherche des fondements micro-économiques de la rigidité des salaires

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  • Thierry Laurent
  • Hélène Zajdela

Abstract

[fre] La révolution des Nouveaux Classiques a brisé le consensus régnant au sein de la synthèse keynésienne, mais a initié un nouveau consensus méthodologique : toute approche macroéconomique se doit de reposer sur les fondements micro-économiques solides de la théorie des choix. Les néo-keynésiens, toujours dans leur lecture légitime de la Théorie Générale en termes de rigidité nominale du salaire, ont tenté d'adapter la micro-économie à la macroéconomie afin de conserver des propriétés keynésiennes. Le présent article tente de montrer comment le courant keynésien s'est perdu en cherchant des fondements micro-économiques à la rigidité du salaire nominal, en ne trouvant que des explications à la rigidité du salaire réel et en tombant finalement sur un « chômage d'équilibre » aux propriétés classiques, bien différent de « l'équilibre de sous-emploi ». [eng] New Classical Economics led to the collapse of the famous « neoclassical synthesis » and to an agreement around the idea that microeconomics foundations to macroeconomics were necessary. Since the central element of the neoclassical synthesis was the assumption of nominal wage rigidity, neokeynesian macroeconomics tried to find a correct description of microeconomics appropriate to keynesian results. This paper shows how this attempt failed : neo-keynesians tried to find microeconomics foundations to nominal wage rigidity, but found only explanations for real rigidity, and then exhibited an equilibrium unemployment with classical characteristics, very far from Keynes' approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Laurent & Hélène Zajdela, 1999. "De l'équilibre de sous-emploi au chômage d'équilibre : la recherche des fondements micro-économiques de la rigidité des salaires," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 34(1), pages 41-65.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1999_num_34_1_1252
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1999.1252
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1999.1252
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    References listed on IDEAS

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