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Individu et totalité dans la pensée libérale. Le cas de F. Hayek

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  • Roger Frydman

Abstract

[fre] On associe communément le libéralisme à la perspective individualiste. Or ce critère ne va pas de soi, tant la nécessaire spécification de l'individuel est marquée par des caractéristiques qui préfigurent les équilibres politiques et économiques entre les acteurs, et donc le tout. Sous cet angle, la position de F. Hayek est singulière, puisqu'elle refuse les postulats de l'individualisme méthodologique et de l'homo oeco- nomicus en faisant place au jeu d'une organisation globale non réductible à la somme des comportements décentralisés. Il reste qu'il ne peut échapper, en totalité, aux paradoxes du libéralisme courant. [eng] Commonly, liberalism and individualism are bounded. But, in fact, this criterion is not always relevant because the necessary specification of indivudual, this doctrine involves, is done in a way which foreshadow the conditions of a political or an economical equilibrium, and then, the whole. Seen from that point of view, Hayek's position is singular as it rejects methodological individualism, as well as the homo oeconomicus postulates, by considerating a global organisation irreducible to the addition of the private behaviours. Even so, he cannot avoid, in totality, the paradoxs of the standard theory of liberalism.

Suggested Citation

  • Roger Frydman, 1989. "Individu et totalité dans la pensée libérale. Le cas de F. Hayek," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(1), pages 91-127.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1989_num_16_1_1079
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1989.1079
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1989.1079
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    Cited by:

    1. Roger Frydman, 1992. "Le territoire de l'économiste : marché et société marchande," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(1), pages 5-30.

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