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Progress on Global Health Goals: Are the Poor Being Left Behind?

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  • Adam Wagstaff
  • Caryn Bredenkamp
  • Leander R. Buisman

Abstract

We examine differential progress on health Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) between the poor and the better off within countries. Our findings are based on an original analysis of 235 DHS and MICS surveys spanning 64 developing countries over the 1990–2011 period. We track five health status indicators and seven intervention indicators from all four health MDGs. In approximately three-quarters of countries, the poorest 40 percent have made faster progress than the richest 60 percent on MDG intervention indicators. On average, relative inequality in these indicators has been falling. However, in terms of MDG outcome indicators, in nearly half of the countries, relative inequality has been growing. Moreover, in approximately one-quarter of the countries, the poorest 40 percent have been slipping backwards in absolute terms on both MDG interventions and outcomes. Despite reductions in most countries, relative inequalities in MDG health indicators are still appreciable, with the poor facing higher risks of malnutrition and death in childhood and lower odds of receiving key health interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Wagstaff & Caryn Bredenkamp & Leander R. Buisman, 2014. "Progress on Global Health Goals: Are the Poor Being Left Behind?," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 29(2), pages 137-162.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:wbrobs:v:29:y:2014:i:2:p:137-162.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/wbro/lku008
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Brown,Caitlin Susan & Ravallion,Martin & Van De Walle,Dominique, 2017. "Are poor individuals mainly found in poor households ? evidence using nutrition data for Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 8001, The World Bank.
    2. Brown,Caitlin Susan & Kandpal,Eeshani & Lee,Jean Nahrae & Williams,Anaise Marie, 2022. "Unequal Households or Communities ? Decomposing the Inequality in Nutritional Status in South Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10009, The World Bank.
    3. Baker, Peter & Hone, Thomas & Reeves, Aaron & Avendano, Mauricio & Millett, Christopher, 2018. "Does government expenditure reduce inequalities in infant mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries?: A time-series, ecological analysis of 48 countries from 1993 to 2013," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 89389, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    4. Suman Seth & Gaston Yalonetzky, 2016. "Has the world converged? A robust analysis of non-monetary bounded indicators," Working Papers 398, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    5. Brown, Caitlin & Calvi, Rossella & Penglase, Jacob, 2021. "Sharing the pie: An analysis of undernutrition and individual consumption in Bangladesh," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    6. Adam Wagstaff & Daniel Cotlear & Patrick Hoang-Vu Eozenou & Leander R. Buisman, 2016. "Measuring progress towards universal health coverage: with an application to 24 developing countries," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 32(1), pages 147-189.
    7. Alba Llop-Gironés & Sam Jones, 2019. "Beyond access to basic services: Perspectives on the social determinants of health in Mozambique," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-40, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

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