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Are Euro Cash Holdings in Central and Eastern Europe Driven by Experience or Anticipation? Results from an OeNB Survey

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Abstract

Although euroization is an important phenomenon in emerging markets, still very little is known about who holds how much euro and for what purposes. In this paper, we employ unique survey data to analyze various aspects of foreign currency holdings in five Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). This allows us to study the impact of expectations and hysteresis on individual behavior. Our results show that a substantial share of the population in the countries under review holds euro cash. We find little evidence that inflation or exchange rate expectations are important determinants of euroization, whereas variables related to a country’s economic history seem to be of some significance. Our results also indicate that the demand for euro and its use in domestic payments increases as the date of euro adoption approaches.

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  • Doris Ritzberger-Grünwald & Helmut Stix, 2007. "Are Euro Cash Holdings in Central and Eastern Europe Driven by Experience or Anticipation? Results from an OeNB Survey," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 1, pages 77-100.
    • Handle: RePEc:onb:oenbfi:y:2007:i:1:b:2
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    1. Edgar L Feige, 2003. "Dynamics of Currency Substitution, Asset Substitution and De facto Dollarisation and Euroisation in Transition Countries," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 45(3), pages 358-383, September.
    2. Fischer, Björn & Köhler-Ulbrich, Petra & Seitz, Franz, 2004. "The demand for euro area currencies: past, present and future," Working Paper Series 330, European Central Bank.
    3. Bénédicte Vidaillet & V. d'Estaintot & P. Abécassis, 2005. "Introduction," Post-Print hal-00287137, HAL.
    4. Helmut Stix, 2004. "Foreign Currency Demand since 2002 - Evidence from Five Central and Eastern European Countries," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 5(04), pages 19-24, December.
    5. Helmut Stix, 2002. "The Euro in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE countries) : survey evidence from five countries," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 3(03), pages 33-38, April.
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    2. Marc Bittner & Thomas Scheiber, 2022. "The use of euro cash as a store of value in CESEE," Monetary Policy & the Economy, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue Q1-Q2/22, pages 121-143.
    3. repec:onb:oenbwp:y::i:159:b:1 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Thomas Scheiber & Helmut Stix, 2009. "Euroization in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe – New Evidence On Its Extent and Some Evidence On Its Causes," Working Papers 159, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank).
    5. Doris Ritzberger-Grünwald & Thomas Scheiber, 2012. "Euro Cash in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe," Monetary Policy & the Economy, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 1, pages 41-55.
    6. Helmut Stix, 2008. "Euroization: What Factors drive its Persistence?," Working Papers 140, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank).
    7. repec:onb:oenbwp:y:2008:i:1:b:1 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Thomas Scheiber & Julia Wörz, 2018. "How are reduced interest rate differentials affecting euroization in Southeastern Europe? Evidence from the OeNB Euro Survey," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue Q1-18, pages 48-60.
    9. Isakova, Asel, 2010. "Currency substitution in the economies of Central Asia : how much does it cost?," BOFIT Discussion Papers 14/2010, Bank of Finland, Institute for Economies in Transition.
    10. Isakova, Asel, 2010. "Currency substitution in the economies of Central Asia: how much does it cost?," BOFIT Discussion Papers 14/2010, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).

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