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Competitive Balance in Team Sports: The Scoring Context, Referees, and Overtime

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Author Info
Loek Groot
Abstract

This paper focuses on a qualitative comparison between European football and U.S. team sports with respect to the effects of the number of goals per match, impartial errors of the referee, and overtime versus ties on the natural level of competitive balance. The more goals and the more perfect the referee, the more drastic are the measures needed to maintain competitive balance. Taking into account that the optimal level of competitive balance is lower in open leagues than in closed leagues, the combined effect of these factors may explain why in U.S. team sports special measures are in force to maintain competitive balance, which are absent in Europe.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen in its journal Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics.

Volume (Year): 165 (2009)
Issue (Month): 3 (September)
Pages: 384-400
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Handle: RePEc:mhr:jinste:urn:sici:0932-4569(200909)165:3_384:cbitst_2.0.tx_2-x

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
D71 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Social Choice; Clubs; Committees; Associations
L4 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies
L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Recreation; Tourism

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This page was last updated on 2009-12-2.

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