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The Possibility of Pursuing Both Marriage/Childbirth and Employment, and the Development of Nursery Schools

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  • Takashi Unayama

Abstract

This study examines trends in the possibility of pursuing both marriage/childbirth and employment among women over the past twenty-five years by measuring the rate of job separation due to marriage/childbirth. I conducted a pseudo-panel analysis using age-group-specific National Census data from 1980 to 2005 as the birth cohort data. The results yielded a rate of job separation due to marriage/childbirth of 86.3 percent, a figure that has remained virtually unchanged since 1980 regardless of age at the time of marriage. Even when broken down by prefecture, the data indicate no change in the job separation rate over time, although major differences between prefectures can be observed. The nature of these results suggests that the job separation rate is stable over time and governed by a key factor (or factors) that differs between regions. Among the factors that have been identified in previous studies, the development of nursery schools is statistically consistent and has been shown to be a major determinant of the job separation rate. On the other hand, child-care-leave programs and three-generation cohabitation rates have not proved statistically convincing.

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  • Takashi Unayama, 2012. "The Possibility of Pursuing Both Marriage/Childbirth and Employment, and the Development of Nursery Schools," Japanese Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(1), pages 48-71.
    • Handle: RePEc:mes:jpneco:v:39:y:2012:i:1:p:48-71
    DOI: 10.2753/JES1097-203X390102
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    Cited by:

    1. Koji Yasuda & Tomoko Kinugasa & Shigeyuki Hamori, 2019. "An Empirical Analysis Of Marital Status In Japan," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 64(03), pages 773-798, June.
    2. Abe, Yukiko, 2018. "Effects of demographic compositional changes on the convergence of female participation rates," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 97-104.
    3. Abe, Yukiko, 2016. "On the convergence in female participation rates," Discussion paper series. A 301, Graduate School of Economics and Business Administration, Hokkaido University.
    4. Núria Rodríguez-Planas & Ryuichi Tanaka, 2022. "Gender norms and women’s decision to work: evidence from Japan," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 15-36, March.
    5. Yukiko Abe, 2016. "On the convergence in female participation rates," ERSA conference papers ersa16p473, European Regional Science Association.
    6. Abe, Yukiko, 2013. "Regional variations in labor force behavior of women in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 112-124.
    7. Hitoshi Shigeoka, 2015. "School Entry Cutoff Date and the Timing of Births," NBER Working Papers 21402, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

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