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Las políticas territoriales de desarrollo rural de la Unión Europea: un balance de veinte años en Castilla y León/The Territorial Rural Development Policies of the European Union: A Twenty-Year Balance in Castilla y León

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  • GORDO GÓMEZ, PABLO

    () (Departamento de Economía Aplicada, UNIVERSIDAD DE VALLADOLID, ESPAÑA.)

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    Abstract

    La política específicamente agraria se ha mostrado insuficiente para dinamizar los espacios rurales de Castilla y León, cuyas características físicas y estructurales introducen limitaciones para la producción en el marco competitivo de la Unión Europea. Ante esta realidad, las políticas territoriales de desarrollo rural se presentan como la alternativa para aumentar la competitividad, apoyando la reconversión, diversificando las actividades económicas mediante el recurso al potencial endógeno y contribuyendo a fijar la población y mejorar la calidad de vida de los diferentes espacios rurales. El balance de la aplicación de las distintas actuaciones bajo el enfoque LEADER, durante las dos últimas décadas, ha sido: la promoción y desarrollo del turismo, con diversas opciones; y, el impulso de pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs), que han contribuido a la transformación y comercialización de productos agrarios y a generar empleo. Sin embargo, este impacto se ha verificado en pocos núcleos de mayor tamaño, cuyo efecto difusor ha sido limitado para reducir los desequilibrios del espacio rural regional y no ha logrado participar activamente en redes europeas de cooperación transnacional. Specific farm policies have not revitalized Castile and Leon rural environments, whose physical and structural characteristics limit their productive possibilities in the EU competitive market. Faced with this situation territorial polices for rural developments have been considered adequate for enhancing competitiveness by helping restructuring, diversifying economic activities emphasising endogenous potentialities, maintaining population in rural areas, and increasing quality of life in them. An assessment of the results obtained within the LEADER framework in the last two decades indicates that rural tourism has benefited, and that there has been a boost for the farm activities, especially trade and marketing activities, which small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have started and that have led to employment gains. However, the benefits have been located in few places, only those that boast high sizes, and have not achieved a visible reduction of rural inequalities nor have translated in an active participation in European networks of multinational cooperation.

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    Bibliographic Info

    Article provided by Estudios de Economía Aplicada in its journal Estudios de Economía Aplicada.

    Volume (Year): 29 (2011)
    Issue (Month): (Abril)
    Pages: 7-30
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    Handle: RePEc:lrk:eeaart:29_1_18

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    Related research

    Keywords: Políticas territoriales; Desarrollo rural; Unión Europea; LEADER; Castilla y León. ; Land Policies; Rural Development; European Union; LEADER; Castilla y León.;

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