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Determinants of Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan An Empirical Analysis of PSLM (2004-05) Micro Data

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  • Mehak Ejaz

    (Lahore School of Economics, Pakistan.)

Abstract

This paper seeks to identify the major determinants of female labor force participation in Pakistan, specifically with reference to rural and urban areas. Limited dependent variable techniques (Logit and Probit) are utilized to determine the factors affecting female labor force participation. This analysis uses data taken from the PSLM (Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey, 2004-05) which measure individual and household characteristics of females between the ages of 15-49. Empirical results suggest that age, educational attainment and marital status have significant and positive effects on female labor force participation (FLFP). When women belong to the nuclear family and have access to vehicles, they are more likely are they to participate in economic activities, whereas a large number of children and the availability of home appliances reduces the probability of FLFP. The results imply that reducing the child care burden on females and facilitating educational attainment would lead to a higher labor force participation rate for females in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Mehak Ejaz, 2007. "Determinants of Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan An Empirical Analysis of PSLM (2004-05) Micro Data," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 12(Special E), pages 204-235, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:lje:journl:v:12:y:2007:i:sp:p:204-235
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    Cited by:

    1. Manamba EPAPHRA & John MASSAWE, 2016. "Investment and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis for Tanzania," Turkish Economic Review, KSP Journals, vol. 3(4), pages 578-609, December.
    2. Hina Amber & Bezawit Beyene Chichaibelu, 2023. "Narrowing the gender digital divide in Pakistan: Mobile phone ownership and female labor force participation," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(3), pages 1354-1382, August.
    3. Safana Shaheen & Maqbool Hussain Sial & Masood Sarwar Awan, 2011. "Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan: A Case of Punjab," Journal of Social and Development Sciences, AMH International, vol. 2(3), pages 104-110.
    4. Verme, Paolo & Barry, Abdoul Gadiry & Guennouni, Jamal, 2014. "Female labor participation in the Arab world : some evidence from panel data in Morocco," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7031, The World Bank.
    5. Salma Jabeen & Sanam Haq & Arif Jameel & Abid Hussain & Muhammad Asif & Jinsoo Hwang & Abida Jabeen, 2020. "Impacts of Rural Women’s Traditional Economic Activities on Household Economy: Changing Economic Contributions through Empowered Women in Rural Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-23, March.
    6. Parlow, Anton, 2018. "Women's Empowerment, Gendered Institutions and Economic Opportunity: An Investigative Study for Pakistan," MPRA Paper 86331, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Parlow, Anton, 2018. "Women's Empowerment, Gendered Institutions and Economic Opportunity: An Investigative Study for Pakistan," MPRA Paper 86367, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Omotoso, Kehinde O. & Obembe, Olufemi B., 2016. "Does household technology influence female labour force participation in Nigeria?," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 78-82.
    9. Mudassira Sarfraz & Zubaria Andlib & Muhammad Kamran & Noor Ullah Khan & Hanieh Alipour Bazkiaei, 2021. "Pathways towards Women Empowerment and Determinants of Decent Work Deficit: A South Asian Perspective," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-18, August.
    10. Chaudhary, Ruchika. & Verick, Sher., 2014. "Female labour force participation in India and beyond," ILO Working Papers 994867893402676, International Labour Organization.
    11. Paolo Verme & Abdoul Gadiry Barry & Jamal Guennouni, 2016. "Female Labor Participation in the Arab World: Evidence from Panel Data in Morocco," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 30(3), pages 258-284, September.
    12. repec:ilo:ilowps:486789 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Parlow, Anton, 2018. "Women's Empowerment, Gendered Institutions and Economic Opportunity: An Investigative Study for Pakistan," MPRA Paper 93916, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Adnan Khaliq & Dilawar Khan & Sultan Akbar & Muhammad Hamayun & Barkat Ullah, 2017. "Female Labor Market Participation and Economic Growth: The Case of Pakistan," Journal of Social Science Studies, Macrothink Institute, vol. 4(2), pages 217-230, July.
    15. Prasad, Niranjana, 2022. "Impact of Forced Sterilization on Female Labor Market Outcomes: Evidence from India," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2022023, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    16. Zubaria Andlib & Aliya H Khan, 2018. "Low Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan: Causes and Factors," Global Social Sciences Review, Humanity Only, vol. 3(3), pages 237-264, September.

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