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A munkanélküliség regionális egyenlőtlenségei Magyarországon 1990 és 1995 között. A foglalkoztatási diszkrimináció és az emberi tőke váltakozó szerepe
[Regional unemployment rate differentials in Hungary, 1990 1995. The changing role of race and human capital]

Author

Listed:
  • Kertesi, Gábor
  • Ábrahám, Árpád

Abstract

A tanulmány egy intertemporális statisztikai modell segítségével vizsgálja a magyarországi munkanélküliség regionális egyenlőtlenségeit az 1990 és 1995 közötti időszakban. A vizsgált időszak egészében a cigány népesség aránya, illetve a körzetek átlagos iskolázottsági szintje bizonyult a regionális munkanélküliségi különbségeket alakító döntő tényezőnek. A két tényező relatív fontossága azonban időben fordított módon alakult. A gazdasági átalakulás korai szakaszában a cigány népesség nagyságában meglevő különbségek határozták meg inkább a körzetek közti munkanélküliségi eltéréseket, 1994 végére azonban az iskolázottsági szintben megnyilvánuló különbségek váltak a regionális egyenlőtlenségek fő meghatározóivá. Az etnikumfüggő regionális egyenlőtlenségekből az emberi tőke függő egyenlőtlenségekbe való átmenet nagyon egyenletesnek bizonyult. A cigányság részarányához tartozó pozitív regressziós paraméterek értelmezésekor két különböző okra hivatkozunk: a cigányokkal szembeni foglalkoztatási diszkriminációra, illetve a cigányok által sűrűn lakott körzetek gazdasági elmaradottságára. Ennek az értelmezésnek az alátámasztására egyéni szintű adatbázisokra támaszkodva független bizonyítékokat is bemutatunk.

Suggested Citation

  • Kertesi, Gábor & Ábrahám, Árpád, 1996. "A munkanélküliség regionális egyenlőtlenségei Magyarországon 1990 és 1995 között. A foglalkoztatási diszkrimináció és az emberi tőke váltakozó szerepe [Regional unemployment rate differentials in H," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 653-681.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:103
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert E. Hall, 1972. "Turnover in the Labor Force," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 3(3), pages 709-764.
    2. White, Halbert, 1980. "A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(4), pages 817-838, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Galasi, Péter, 1996. "Munkanélküliek álláskeresési magatartása [Job-searching behaviour of the unemployed]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(9), pages 805-815.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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