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Banking reforms and the evolution of cost efficiency in Indian public sector banks

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  • Sunil Kumar

Abstract

This paper analyses the trends of cost efficiency and its components across Indian public sector banks (PSBs) during the post-deregulation period spanning from 1992/1993 to 2007/2008. The study also examines the issue of convergence in cost, technical and allocative efficiency levels of Indian PSBs. The empirical results indicate that deregulation has had a positive impact on the cost efficiency of Indian public sector banking industry over the period of study. Further, technical efficiency of Indian PSBs followed an uptrend, while allocative efficiency followed a path of deceleration. We note that in Indian public sector banking industry, the cost inefficiency is mainly driven by technical inefficiency rather than allocative inefficiency. The convergence analysis reveals that the inefficient PSBs are not only catching-up but also moving ahead of the efficient ones, i.e., the banks with the low level of cost efficiency at the beginning of the period are growing more rapidly than the highly cost efficient banks. In sum, the study confirms a strong presence of σ- and β-convergence in cost efficiency levels of Indian public sector banking industry. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 2013

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  • Sunil Kumar, 2013. "Banking reforms and the evolution of cost efficiency in Indian public sector banks," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 143-182, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:ecopln:v:46:y:2013:i:2:p:143-182
    DOI: 10.1007/s10644-012-9121-8
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    8. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2015. "Macroeconomic Change, and Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions: The Indian Experience, 1991-2010," MPRA Paper 63562, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    9. Oredegbe, Abayomi & Zhang, Yahua, 2020. "Telecommunications industry efficiency: A comparative analysis of high and middle income countries," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(5).
    10. Gulati, Rachita, 2022. "Bank ownership and governance quality in India: Evolution and detection of convergence clubs," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
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    13. Bijoy Rakshit & Samaresh Bardhan, 2022. "Does Bank Efficiency Enhance Bank Performance? Empirical Evidence From Indian Banking," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 25(Special I), pages 103-124, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Data envelopment analysis; Public sector banks; Cost efficiency; Technical efficiency; Allocative efficiency; Convergence; G21; G15;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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