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The Effects of Active Labor Market Programs in Germany: An Investigation Using Different Definitions of Non-Treatment

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Author Info
Gesine Stephan () (Institut for Employment Research, Nuremberg)

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Abstract

This paper estimates the effects of several German labor market programs – starting in March 2003 – on the employment outcomes of participants using propensity score matching. The main objective is to analyze how estimated average treatment effects vary with the choice of the classification window that defines treatment and non-treatment. The first approach does not put any restrictions on the future of the treated as well as of their comparison group. This approach has become more and more common in the evaluation of European labor market policies. In contrast, the second approach considers only potential comparison groupmembers, who have not entered any labor market program during the entire observation period of 31/2 years. The third approach additionally restricts itself to participants, who have not participated in further labor market programs during the observation period. The results differ considerably; program effectiveness is estimated to be much lower using the second approach. The paper highlights the fact that program careers are a non-trivial issue that deserves more attention in future research.

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Publisher Info
Article provided by Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Department of Statistics and Economics in its journal Journal of Economics and Statistics.

Volume (Year): 228 (2008)
Issue (Month): 5+6 (December)
Pages: 586-611
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Handle: RePEc:jns:jbstat:v:228:y:2008:i:5+6:p:586-611

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Related research
Keywords: Evaluation of active labor market policies; definition of non-treatment; comparison group concepts; propensity score matching;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Public Policy
J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
J65 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Martin Biewen & Bernd Fitzenberger & Aderonke Osikominu & Marie Waller, 2007. "Which Program for Whom? Evidence on the Comparative Effectiveness of Public Sponsored Training Programs in Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 2885, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Fredriksson, Peter & Johansson, Per, 2004. "Dynamic Treatment Assignment - The Consequences for Evaluations Using Observational Data," IZA Discussion Papers 1062, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  3. Michael Lechner & Stephan Wiehler, 2007. "Does the Order and Timing of Active Labor Market Programs Matter?," IZA Discussion Papers 3092, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Winterhager, Henrik & Heinze, Anja & Spermann, Alexander, 2006. "Deregulating job placement in Europe: A microeconometric evaluation of an innovative voucher scheme in Germany," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 505-517, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Bernd Fitzenberger & Robert Völter, 2007. "Long-Run Effects of Training Programs for the Unemployed in East Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 2630, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  6. Rafael Lalive & Jan C. van Ours & Josef Zweimueller, . "The Impact of Active Labor Market Programs on the Duration of Unemployment," IEW - Working Papers iewwp041, Institute for Empirical Research in Economics - IEW. [Downloadable!]
  7. Hujer, Reinhard & Thomsen, Stephan L. & Zeiss, Christopher, 2006. "The effects of short-term training measures on the individual unemployment duration in West Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-65, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  8. Abbring, Jaap H. & van den Berg, Gerard J., 2003. "Analyzing the Effect of Dynamically Assigned Treatments Using Duration Models, Binary Treatment Models, and Panel Data Models," IZA Discussion Papers 831, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. Caliendo, Marco & Hujer, Reinhard & Thomsen, Stephan L., 2005. "Identifying effect heterogeneity to improve the efficiency of job creation schemes in Germany," IAB Discussion Paper 200508, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  10. Caliendo, Marco & Hujer, Reinhard & Thomsen, Stephan L., 2005. "The Employment Effects of Job Creation Schemes in Germany: A Microeconometric Evaluation," IZA Discussion Papers 1512, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  11. Hujer, Reinhard & Zeiss, Christopher, 2006. "The effects of job creation schemes on the unemployment duration in East Germany," IAB Discussion Paper 200616, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
  12. Marco Caliendo & Reinhard Hujer & Stephan L. Thomsen, 2006. "Sectoral Heterogeneity in the Employment Effects of Job Creation Schemes in Germany," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Department of Statistics and Economics, vol. 226(2), pages 139-179, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Bernd Fitzenberger & Aderonke Osikominu & Robert Völter, 2006. "Get Training or Wait? Long-Run Employment Effects of Training Programs for the Unemployed in West Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 2121, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  14. Bernd Fitzenberger & Stefan Speckesser, 2007. "Employment effects of the provision of specific professional skills and techniques in Germany," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 529-573, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Fitzenberger, Bernd & Völter, Robert, 2007. "Long-run effects of training programs for the unemployed in East Germany," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-009, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  16. Michael Lechner & Ruth Miquel & Conny Wunsch, 2007. "The Curse and Blessing of Training the Unemployed in a Changing Economy: The Case of East Germany After Unification," German Economic Review, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 8, pages 468-509, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  17. Wolff, Joachim & Jozwiak, Eva, 2007. "Does short-term training activate means-tested unemployment benefit recipients in Germany?," IAB Discussion Paper 200729, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
  18. Michael Lechner, 2006. "Matching Estimating of Dynamic Treatment Models: Some Practical Issues," University of St. Gallen Department of Economics working paper series 2006 2006-03, Department of Economics, University of St. Gallen. [Downloadable!]
  19. Hujer, Reinhard & Thomsen, Stephan L., 2006. "How do employment effects of job creation schemes differ with respect to the foregoing unemployment duration?," ZEW Discussion Papers 06-47, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  20. Lechner, Michael & Wunsch, Conny, 2007. "What Did All the Money Do? On the General Ineffectiveness of Recent West German Labour Market Programmes," CEPR Discussion Papers 6306, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  21. Jaap H. Abbring & Gerard J. van den Berg, 2003. "The Nonparametric Identification of Treatment Effects in Duration Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 71(5), pages 1491-1517, 09. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. Jaenichen, Ursula & Stephan, Gesine, 2007. "The effectiveness of targeted wage subsidies for hard-to-place workers," IAB Discussion Paper 200716, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
  23. Ammermüller, Andreas & Zwick, Thomas & Boockmann, Bernhard & Maier, Michael, 2007. "Do hiring subsidies reduce unemployment among the elderly? Evidence from two natural experiments," ZEW Discussion Papers 07-001, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  24. Fitzenberger, Bernd & Volter, Robert, 2007. "Long-run effects of training programs for the unemployed in East Germany," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(4), pages 730-755, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Bernhard, Sarah & Gartner, Hermann & Stephan, Gesine, 2008. "Wage subsidies for needy job-seekers and their effect on individual labour market outcomes after the German reforms," IAB Discussion Paper 200821, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Bernhard, Sarah & Hohmeyer, Katrin & Jozwiak, Eva & Koch, Susanne & Kruppe, Thomas & Stephan, Gesine & Wolff, Joachim, 2008. "Aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland und ihre Wirkungen," IAB-Forschungsbericht 200802, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]. [Downloadable!]
  3. Stephan, Gesine & Pahnke, André, 2008. "The Relative Effectiveness of Selected Active Labour Market Programmes and the Common Support Problem," IZA Discussion Papers 3767, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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