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Internalizando externalidades: El impuesto a la gasolina en Guatemala

Author

Listed:
  • Arturo Antón Sarabia

    (Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas)

  • Fausto Hernández Trillo

    (Escuela de Ciencias Sociales, ITESM)

Abstract

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en estimar el nivel óptimo de impuesto a la gasolina para internalizar los costos provocados por el uso del automóvil en un país en desarrollo como Guatemala. La estimación se lleva a cabo usando la metodología de Parry y Small (2005). Los resultados sugieren un nivel de impuesto óptimo de 27.5 cts. de dólar/litro. Destaca que el 40% del impuesto está explicado por las externalidades asociadas a la congestión vehicular. El nivel estimado de 27.5 cts. de dólar/litro se encuentra por encima del impuesto en vigor para los dos tipos de gasolina a la venta en Guatemala, por lo cual se recomienda su ajuste. Existe cierta incertidumbre respecto al valor apropiado de algunos parámetros del modelo; sin embargo, el análisis de sensibilidad reporta que los resultados son robustos. El estudio destaca por ofrecer un procedimiento detallado para la estimación de este impuesto utilizando información de un país en desarrollo. Finalmente, se discute la necesidad de implementar políticas públicas para aminorar los efectos adversos del impuesto, especialmente entre los hogares de deciles medios y bajos.

Suggested Citation

  • Arturo Antón Sarabia & Fausto Hernández Trillo, 2019. "Internalizando externalidades: El impuesto a la gasolina en Guatemala," Remef - Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas Nueva Época REMEF (The Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance), Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas, IMEF, vol. 14(1), pages 1-20, Enero-Mar.
    • Handle: RePEc:imx:journl:v:14:y:2019:i:1:p:1-20
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mariana Conte Grand & Alejandro Rasteletti, 2021. "Pérdidas de bienestar por imposición subóptima en los impuestos a las gasolinas en América Latina y el Caribe," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 821, Universidad del CEMA.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    impuesto a la gasolina; contaminación; congestión; Guatemala;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • R48 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Government Pricing and Policy

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