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Foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan: evidence from structural break testing

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  • Wasim Qazi
  • Arshian Sharif
  • Syed Ali Raza

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from the period of 1972 to 2013. Results of autoregressive distributed lag-based coefficient model, fully modified ordinary least square method and dynamic ordinary least square method indicate that foreign direct investment has a positive and significant impact on higher education in long run and short run. Results of causality analysis suggest the unidirectional causal relationship of foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan which runs from foreign direct investment to higher education development. It is concluded that foreign direct investment brings advanced technologies, which requires more skilled and managerial labour force. Similarly, the competition in labour market also increases with the entrance of foreign direct investment. Consequently, people go for higher studies to enhance their capabilities and to get the competitive edge in the labour market.

Suggested Citation

  • Wasim Qazi & Arshian Sharif & Syed Ali Raza, 2017. "Foreign direct investment and higher education development in Pakistan: evidence from structural break testing," International Journal of Education Economics and Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 8(1), pages 1-21.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijeded:v:8:y:2017:i:1:p:1-21
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sami Ullah & Kishwar Ali & Muhammad Ehsan, 2022. "Foreign direct investment and economic growth nexus in the presence of domestic institutions: a regional comparative analysis," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 6(2), pages 735-758, June.
    2. Aamir Aijaz Syed, 2021. "The Asymmetric Relationship Between Military Expenditure, Economic Growth and Industrial Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of India, China and Pakistan Via the NARDL Approach," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 13(1), pages 77-97, March.
    3. Syed Ali Raza & Syed Zaki Hassan & Arshian Sharif, 2019. "Asymmetric Relationship Between Government Revenues and Expenditures in a Developing Economy: Evidence from a Non-linear Model," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 20(5), pages 1179-1195, October.
    4. Syed Ali Raza & Nida Shah & Imtiaz Arif, 2021. "Relationship Between FDI and Economic Growth in the Presence of Good Governance System: Evidence from OECD Countries," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 22(6), pages 1471-1489, December.
    5. Khurram, Anoshay & Hashmi, Rabia & Khalid, Saaniya & Ali, Areesha & Khan, Muhammad Shams-UR-Rehman, 2020. "Why Do People Switch Mobile Platforms?," MPRA Paper 104639, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Daniela-Emanuela Dănăcică & Ana-Gabriela Babucea & Lucia Paliu-Popa & Gabriela Bușan & Irina-Elena Chirtoc, 2023. "The Nexus between Higher Education and Unemployment—Evidence from Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-20, February.

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